AI Article Synopsis
- There is currently no evidence that European sheep are infected with BSE, but it's crucial to differentiate it from scrapie due to their links to human prion diseases.
- Biochemical methods like Western blot analysis are used to distinguish between BSE and scrapie by observing abnormal prion protein patterns but are not suitable for large-scale testing.
- A new, simpler test using bead array flow cytometry with multiple antibodies has been developed for faster and accurate diagnosis, showing 100% predictive value in preliminary studies.
Article Abstract
Although there is no evidence that the European sheep population has been infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), distinguishing this from scrapie is paramount, given the association between BSE exposure and the human transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The capability to differentially diagnose TSEs in sheep is thus essential in order to safeguard the food chain and human health. Biochemical methods for differentiating BSE and scrapie are largely reliant on assessment by Western blot (WB) analysis of the abnormal disease associated prion protein PrP(D) following partial proteolytic digestion. WB banding patterns obtained using a panel of antibodies enable different strain specific conformations of PrP(D) to be distinguished. This approach provides a robust confirmatory test but one which is not appropriate for high throughput screening. A simple, one step, bead array flow cytometry based multiplex immunofluorometric assay has been developed which is suitable for simultaneous screening and confirmation. Using a combination of antibodies directed towards three PrP epitopes enabled differential diagnosis of scrapie and BSE. Proof of principle studies indicated a high predictive value (100%) when applied to brain samples from control animals, BSE infected cattle and sheep naturally infected with scrapie or experimentally infected with BSE.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2010.03.002 | DOI Listing |
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