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Low prevalence of anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies in a French scleroderma population: anti-RNA polymerase III scleroderma. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies are being studied as potential markers for Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), but their clinical utility was previously limited due to technical challenges; however, new ELISA kits have made detection easier.
  • In a study analyzing 50 SSc patients, only 0% to 6% tested positive for anti-RNAP III antibodies using ELISA kits, with a mere 2% confirmed by the reference test (immunoprecipitation).
  • The findings suggest that anti-RNAP III antibodies are rarely found in SSc patients compared to other autoimmune diseases, indicating the need for regional immunological assessments before altering SSc screening practices.

Article Abstract

Background: Anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies (anti-RNAP III) have been reported as potential immune markers of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Until now, their clinical use was disregarded because of technical difficulties to perform immunoprecipitation. Recently, ELISA kits became commercially available allowing an easy detection of anti-RNAP III. We intended to clarify the relevance of these antibodies in the diagnosis of SSc by ELISA detection.

Methods: The prevalence of anti-RNAP III was analyzed using two ELISA kits in 50 consecutive SSc patients from Marseilles in South of France. Controls included 66 patients with other systemic autoimmune diseases, 34 viral diseases and 50 healthy subjects. Positive results with at least one ELISA kit were controlled by immunoprecipitation which is the reference assay.

Results: In this study, positivity for anti-centromere and/or anti-topoisomerase I antibodies was observed in 84% of SSc patients. The prevalence of anti-RNAP III in SSc patients was 0% to 6% (3/50) depending on the ELISA kit and only 2% by immunoprecipitation. Concerning controls, two rheumatoid arthritis patients were positive using ELISA (6%), including one with immunoprecipitation confirmation. No anti-RNAP III was detected in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Three blood donors and one viral disease control were positive using ELISA, but all were negative by immunoprecipitation.

Conclusions: Anti-RNAP III was rarely detected in a French population of SSc patients. Their prevalence was even lower than the one observed in rheumatoid arthritis controls. Therefore local immunologic profiles should be established before deciding a change in clinical practice for SSc immune screening.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2010.01.004DOI Listing

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