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Background: Genetic studies indicate a causal role for microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the progress made in identifying genetic risk factors, such as CD33, and underlying molecular changes, there are currently limited treatment options for AD. Based on the immune-inhibitory function of CD33, we hypothesize that inhibition of CD33 activation may reverse microglial suppression and restore their ability to resolve inflammatory processes and mitigate pathogenic amyloid plaques, which may be neuroprotective.

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Drug Development.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; NYU, New York City, NY, USA.

Background: Astrocytes, a major glial cell in the central nervous system (CNS), can become reactive in response to inflammation or injury, and release toxic factors that kill specific subtypes of neurons. Over the past several decades, many groups report that reactive astrocytes are present in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, as well as several other neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, reactive astrocyte sub-types most associated with these diseases are now reported to be present during CNS cancers of several types.

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Drug Development.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Athira Pharma, Inc., Bothell, WA, USA.

Background: We have previously reported the neuroprotective effects of fosgonimeton in amyloid-β (Aβ)-driven preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fosgonimeton is an investigational small-molecule positive modulator of the neurotrophic hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) system, currently under investigation for mild-to-moderate AD (LIFT-AD; NCT04488419). Given the recent approvals of Aβ-targeting monoclonal antibodies (Aβ-mAbs) for the treatment of AD, and growing recognition that combination therapies may improve treatment outcomes, we sought to investigate the preclinical activity of fosgonimeton in the presence of Aβ-mAbs.

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Background: The impact of probiotics as gut and immunological modulator in restoring gut microbial balance and immune cells expression have generated much attention in the health sector. Its inhibitory effect on bacterial translocation and associated neural inflammatory processes has been reported. However, there is scarcity of data on its neuroprotective impact against neuroinflammation-associated neurodegeneration and memory impairment.

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Background: Recruitment registries are tools to decrease the time and cost required to identify and enroll eligible participants into clinical research. Despite their potential to increase the efficiency of accrual, few analyses have assessed registry effectiveness. We investigated the outcomes of study referrals from the Consent-to-Contact (C2C) registry, a recruitment registry at the University of California, Irvine.

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