Renal transplant outcome after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux using the subureteric injection of calcium hydroxyapatite.

Objectives: To evaluate the results of end-stage renal failure in transplanted cases due to vesicoureteral reflux after a subureteric injection of calcium hydroxyapatite (Coaptite).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-three patients (39 renal units) with end-stage renal failure secondary to vesicoureteral reflux were included. Reflux was bilateral in 16 cases and unilateral in 7 of the cases. There were 3 degrees of reflux according to the distribution of renal units. They were low-grade reflux (grades 1 and 2; n=10); medium-grade reflux (grade 3; n=23); and high-grade reflux (grades 4 and 5; n=6).

Results: Reflux resolved completely in 17 patients (28 renal units; 71.8%). There was a regression to grade 1 in 3 patients (5 renal units; 12.8%). Twenty-one patients underwent renal transplant; however, 2 of the patients were excluded from the study as it was not possible to monitor them after transplant. Within an approximately 18.6 month follow-up (range, 3-36 months), 1 of the cases had acute, and 3 of the cases had chronic rejection.

Conclusions: Successful results can be achieved in reflux treatment by an injection of subureteric calcium hydroxyapatite before transplant in patients with end-stage renal failure that developed secondary to vesicoureteral reflux.