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Editorial Commentary: Off-the-Shelf Large Language Models Are of Insufficient Quality to Provide Medical Treatment Recommendations, While Customization of Large Language Models Results in Quality Recommendations.
Arthroscopy
October 2024
Commons Clinic (A.F.M., J.J.W.); The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.J.W.).
The content accuracy of off-the-shelf large language models (LLMs) mirrors the content accuracy of the unregulated Internet from which these generative artificial intelligence models are supplied. With error rates approximating 30% in terms of treatment recommendations for the management of common musculoskeletal conditions, seeking expert opinion remains paramount. However, custom LLMs represent an excellent opportunity to infuse niche, bespoke expertise from the many specialties and subspecialties within medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA one-way street recognition approach to mediate allogeneic immune cell therapies.
Cell Stem Cell
September 2024
Division of Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
CD54 and CD58 are adhesion proteins that mediate efficient immune synapse formation. Hammer et al. now show that the abrogation of these molecules in T and NK cells prevents their immune rejection while maintaining their effector function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing the cryopreservation and post-thaw recovery of natural killer cells is critical for the success of off-the-shelf platforms.
Front Immunol
January 2024
Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
Natural killer (NK) cells are a promising allogeneic, off-the-shelf, cellular immunotherapy product. These cells can be manipulated ex vivo, genetically edited to enhance tumor targeting and expanded to produce large cell banks for multiple patient infusions. Therapeutic efficacy of these products depends on the recovery of viable and functional cells post-thaw.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHiding from allogeneic NK cells and macrophages by a synthetic receptor.
Cell Stem Cell
November 2023
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Immune attack by natural killer (NK) cells is a major hurdle for allogeneic off-the-shelf cell therapy, especially when HLA molecules are removed. Gravina et al. utilized a membrane-anchored single-chain antibody (scFv) as a synthetic receptor, named "synthetic immune checkpoint engager," to prevent attack from NK cells and macrophages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnraveling barriers to iPSC-derived CAR-T cell differentiation.
Cell Stem Cell
March 2023
Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
The generation of off-the-shelf CAR-T cells from TiPSCs has been hindered by the difficulty to recapitulate adaptive T cell development and lower therapeutic efficacy compared to peripheral blood CAR-T cells. Ueda et al. address these issues in a triple-engineering strategy, combining optimized CAR expression with cytolytic and persistence enhancements.
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