[A comparative study on the efficacy of spleen-preserving modified D2 radical gastrectomy and D2 radical gastrectomy with splenectomy].

Objective: To compare the efficacy of modified D(2) radical total gastrectomy with spleen-preserving and D(2) radical total gastrectomy with splenectomy in patients with gastric cancer located in the upper third, upper and middle third and entire stomach.

Methods: One hundred and twelve patients with gastric cancer in the upper third, upper and middle third, or entire stomach underwent radical total gastrectomy between January 1989 and December 1994. Modified D(2) total radical gastrectomy with spleen-preserving (spleen-preservation group) was performed in 61 patients, and 51 underwent D(2) total radical gastrectomy with splenectomy (splenectomy group). The differences in clinicopathological characteristics,5-year survival rate, incidence of postoperative complication and hospital stay between the two groups were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: There were no significant differences between the spleen-preservation group and the splenectomy group in gender, age, tumor size, T stage, N stage and TNM stage. The overall 5-year survival rate was 41.0% in the spleen-preservation group and 39.2% in the splenectomy group (P>0.05). The 5-year survival rates of patients with stage I, II, III and IIII were 100%, 66.7%, 27.8% and 17.4% in the spleen-preservation group, respectively, and were 100%, 70.0%, 26.7% and 5.6% in the splenectomy group, respectively (all P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative complication was lower in the spleen-preservation group (11.5% vs 27.5%, P<0.05). The mean hospital stay was longer in the splenectomy group (27.3 d vs 20.3 d, P=0.057).

Conclusion: The efficacy of modified D(2) radical total gastrectomy with spleen-preserving for patients with gastric cancer in the upper third, upper and middle third or entire stomach is similar to that of D(2) radical total gastrectomy with splenectomy, and the spleen-preserving procedure is associated with decreased postoperative complication and improved survival.