We report a novel heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation in the tRNA gene at nucleotide 7458 (m.7458G>A) in a 26-year-old patient affected with sporadic progressive external ophthalmoplegia associated with dysphagia. Muscle biopsy showed a strong succinate dehydrogenase staining, ragged red fibers, and 15% of cytochrome c oxidase-negative fibers. Activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I+III and IV were reduced. The mutation was heteroplasmic (75%) in the muscle, but undetectable in accessible tissues from the patient and his maternal relatives. This report expands the molecular heterogeneity of progressive external ophthalmoplegia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PDM.0b013e3181b00f02 | DOI Listing |
medRxiv
December 2024
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA.
Background: Variants in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) cause a diverse collection of mitochondrial diseases and have extensive phenotypic overlap with Mendelian diseases encoded on the nuclear genome. The mtDNA is often not specifically evaluated in patients with suspected Mendelian disease, resulting in overlooked diagnostic variants.
Methods: Using dedicated pipelines to address the technical challenges posed by the mtDNA - circular genome, variant heteroplasmy, and nuclear misalignment - single nucleotide variants, small indels, and large mtDNA deletions were called from exome and genome sequencing data, in addition to RNA-sequencing when available.
Genes (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
BMC Genomics
November 2024
Research Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Street Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia.
Background: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rare disease due to the pathogenic variant of the NADH dehydrogenase enzyme. LHON is characterized by a sudden central vision loss due to focal degeneration of the retinal ganglion cell layer and optic nerve. Symptoms usually appear between the age of 18 and 35 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cell Endocrinol
December 2024
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, The Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India. Electronic address:
Mounting evidences suggests mitochondrial dysfunction as a novel contributor in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Herein, we analyzed mtDNA copy number, a biomarker of mitochondrial function in women with PCOS and non-PCOS participants and study its correlation with their clinical characteristics. In this study, we further analyzed association of 383 mtDNA variants, as reported previously by us, with characteristic traits of PCOS and perform structural analysis of mutated protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
September 2024
Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants accumulate as humans age, particularly in the stem-cell compartments, and are an important contributor to age-related disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in osteoporosis and somatic mtDNA pathogenic variants have been observed in animal models of osteoporosis. However, this has never been assessed in the relevant human tissue.
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