Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) stem canker caused by Diaporthe helianthi is one of the most important sunflower diseases in Croatia. Until recently, sunflower was the only known host for D. helianthi. In our research carried out in the area of Eastern Croatia, isolates of Diaporthe/Phomospis were collected from Xanthium italicum, X. strumarium and Arctium lappa. Using morphological, cultural and molecular ITS rDNA data, isolates from these weeds were identified as D. helianthi. The following isolates were used in the pathogenicity test: one isolate originated from sunflower (Su5/04), three from X. italicum (Xa2, Xa3 and Xa5), two from X. strumarium (Xa9 and Xa12), one from Xanthium sp. (Xa13) and one from A. lappa (Ar3). According to the results, it was determined that isolate Xa5 (originated from X. italicum) was the most pathogenic to sunflower stems. The average length of the lesion was 11.3 cm. The lowest level of pathogenicity was found in Xa9 (isolated from X. strumarium). The length of the lesion was 0.1 cm.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11046-010-9289-2 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Cytotoxic xanthanolide sesquiterpenes from the fruits of Xanthium italicum Moretti.
Phytochemistry
September 2024
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China. Electronic address:
One previously undescribed xanthanolide sesquiterpene dimer pungiolide P (1), possessing an unprecedented scaffold with a 5/7/5/7/5 ring system skeleton and its intermediate pungiolide Q (2), ten xanthanolide sesquiterpenes (3-12), two eudesmene sesquiterpene derivatives (13-14), one phenylpropionic acid derivative (15), together with eleven known compounds (16-26) were obtained from the fruits of Xanthium italicum Moretti. A possible biosynthetic pathway for pungiolide P (1) was also proposed, which was supported by its bio-synthetic intermediate (2). Compounds 1, 4-5, 18-21, and 25 exhibited cytotoxic activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Parasitic Native Plant on Growth and Competitive Ability of Two Invasive Xanthium Plants.
Biology (Basel)
December 2023
Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
The competitive ability of invasive plants is a key factor in their successful invasion, and research on this ability of invasive plants can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of invasive plants. This study used , , and as research materials and conducted outdoor controlled pot experiments to compare and study the changes in the biomass, competitiveness, and growth cycle of and parasitized by at different growth stages. The results showed that (1) parasitism by increased the biomass of and decreased that of , but under parasitism, the root cap ratio of and increased, and the fruit biomass ratio decreased, indicating that and reduced the energy input for reproduction and increased the energy input for nutrient growth to resist the impact of parasitism; (2) the relative competitive intensity calculated based on the total biomass of a single plant showed a negative value for during parasitism at the flowering and fruit stages, indicating an increase in competitive ability, and showed a positive value during parasitism at the seedling and flowering stages, indicating a decrease in competitive ability; and (3) the parasitism of significantly shortened the fruit stage of and , leading to a significant advance in their flowering, fruiting, and fruit ripening times.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential of utilizing pathogen-derived mycotoxins as alternatives to synthetic herbicides in controlling the noxious invasive plant Xanthium italicum.
Pest Manag Sci
January 2024
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
Discovery of environmentally friendly agents for controlling alien invasive species (AIS) is challenging and in urgent need as their expansion continues to increase. Xanthium italicum is a notorious invasive weed that has caused serious ecological and economic impacts worldwide. For the purpose of exploring the possibility of utilizing herbicidal mycotoxins to control this species, three compounds, a new compound, curvularioxide (1), a new naturally occurring compound, dehydroradicinin (2), and a known compound, radicinin (3), were isolated via activity-guided fractionation from the secondary metabolites of the pathogenic Curvularia inaequalis, which was found to infect X.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh interspecific competitiveness of the invasive plant Xanthium italicum Moretti severely reduces the yield and quality of Carthamus tinctorius L.
Sci Rep
March 2023
Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
Safflower is an annual herb of Compositae, which has great economic value. To explore the impact of invasive weed Xanthium italicum Moretti on the economic crop safflower, field experiments were conducted, the growth-related characters and the relative intensity of competition between the two species was explored. The results showed that under monoculture conditions, the stem height, crown width, stem diameter and the biomass of X.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSix new sesquiterpenoids from the fruits of .
J Asian Nat Prod Res
October 2022
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
Four new germacrane-type sesquiterpenoids (-) and two new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids (-) were isolated from the fruits of Moretti. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and X-ray diffraction experiment. Compounds , and showed the anti-inflammatory effects against the activation of NF-κB induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with IC values of 20.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!