Objective: To investigate the role of bacteria in the etiology of chronic prostatitis.
Methods: A total of 162 complete prostate specimens were obtained at autopsy from organ donors (aged 20 -38 yr) who died of non-prostatic diseases. Each of the samples from the peripheral zone of the prostate was divided into two parts, one for routine pathological examination and immunohistochemical studies of interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the nerve growth factor (NGF), and the other for PCR assay to detect the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA).
Results: Fifty-one (31.5%) of the total specimens presented pathological changes of chronic prostatitis, of which 44 had mild focal stromal, 5 mild focal stromal and periglandular and 2 mild focal periglandular inflammation. The positive rate of 16S rDNA was 19.1% (31/162), 51.0% (26/51) in the chronic prostatitis and 4.5% (5/111) in the non-prostatitis specimens (chi2 = 29.783, P < 0.01). In the specimens with chronic prostatitis, the expressions of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and NGF were significantly higher in the 16S rDNA positive than in the 16S rDNA negative group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Bacterial inflammation may play an important role in the etiology of chronic prostatitis.
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