AI Article Synopsis
- Examination of tocopherols and tocopheryl hydroquinones highlights their roles as antioxidants in mitochondria.
- Structural properties of these compounds are significant for their selective transport within cells and interactions with mitochondrial proteins.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms by which tocopherol-related compounds influence mitochondrial functions and activities.
Article Abstract
In the past, the role of tocopherols and tocopheryl hydroquinones as antioxidants in mitochondria has been examined. However, structural properties of tocopherols and tocopheryl quinones (arrangement of polar/apolar moieties) have also been recognized as being crucial for the selective transport of RRR-alpha-congeners compared with other tocopherols in the cell, suggesting that these properties might be generally important for the binding of vitamin E-related compounds to proteins and enzymes in mitochondria. Therefore, direct modulation of mitochondrial activities, such as bioenergetics, production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, not exclusively related to the redox activity of these compounds is increasingly studied. This overview focuses on the influence of alpha-/gamma-tocopheryl quinones and their parent alpha-/gamma-tocopherols on mitochondrial functions, including formation of tocopheryl quinones, their analytical aspects, their potential as alternative substrates and their inhibitory activity for some mitochondrial functions. It is shown that the understanding of how tocopheryl quinones and tocopherols interfere with mitochondrial functions on the molecular level is still incomplete and that a better comprehension requires further research activities.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200900386 | DOI Listing |
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