Objective: To determine the reproducibility of the Brodsky grading scale and the modified 3-grade and 5-grade scales in reporting the size of the tonsils.
Design: Retrospective review of 60 video recordings of tonsil examination by 12 independent observers with different clinical backgrounds and various levels of training. The sizes of the tonsils were graded using different grading scales.
Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.
Participants: The video recordings were chosen from an ongoing epidemiologic study of sleep-related breathing disorder in children in Hong Kong. Main Outcomes Measures The intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of each grading scale was determined using intraclass correlation. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) exceeding 0.75 was set a priori to indicate an acceptable level of reliability.
Results: The mean intraobserver ICCs for the Brodsky grading scale and the modified 3-grade and 5-grade scales were 0.858, 0.830, and 0.865, respectively. The mean interobserver ICCs for the Brodsky grading scale and the modified 3-grade and 5-grade scales were 0.763, 0.739, and 0.783, respectively.
Conclusion: The Brodsky grading scale and the modified 5-grade scale achieved acceptable intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archoto.2009.170 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Surg Interv Health Technol
January 2025
Department of Surgical Oncology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Japan.
Objectives: The advantages of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence cholangiography have been emphasized, but its disadvantages remain unclear. This study investigated the advantages and disadvantages of this modality, particularly the optimal timing of administration of ICG fluorescence.
Design: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected patient data.
Prev Med Rep
January 2025
Institute of General Practice, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Nuernberg, Germany.
Objective: HAPpEN aims to implement and evaluate a holistic general practitioner-centered, interdisciplinary obesity management strategy in rural Germany, focusing on feasibility, health outcomes, and economic benefits.
Methods: HAPpEN is a 12-month, pragmatic single-arm, multicenter trial, informed by a formative survey, and initiated in April 2023 with 98 obese participants (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) in Kulmbach, Germany. The program integrates nutritional counseling, physical activity, and behavior change techniques, including smartphone-based self-monitoring.
Emerg Med Int
January 2025
Nanjing Comprehensive Stroke Center, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Ischemic stroke is one of the major emergency diseases leading to death and disability worldwide, characterized by its acute onset and the urgent need for prompt medical intervention to reduce mortality and long-term disability. Chronic terminal internal carotid artery and/or middle cerebral artery occlusion (CTI/MCAO) is an important subtype of intracranial artery occlusive disease. The superficial temporal artery-to-MCA (STA-MCA) bypass has been proposed to improve cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR), potentially enhancing neurological outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Ophthalmol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Divison of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Purpose: To investigate the presence and/or severity of cervicothoracic foraminal stenosis between the C7 and T3 segments could account for Horner syndrome, otherwise deemed to be idiopathic in nature.
Methods: This study was an IRB-approved, retrospective study that included 28 patients [mean ± standard deviation (age: 54.5 ± 18.
J Microbiol Biotechnol
December 2024
School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-proteinogenic amino acid, exhibits diverse physiological functions and finds extensive applications in food, medicine, and various industries. Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) can effectively convert L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) or monosodium glutamate (MSG) into GABA. However, the low food-grade expression of GAD has hindered large-scale GABA production.
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