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Large Language Models Outperform Traditional Natural Language Processing Methods in Extracting Patient-Reported Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Gastro Hep Adv
October 2024
Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Background And Aims: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are vital in assessing disease activity and treatment outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, manual extraction of these PROs from the free-text of clinical notes is burdensome. We aimed to improve data curation from free-text information in the electronic health record, making it more available for research and quality improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of surgical strategy for low anterior resection syndrome using preoperative low anterior resection syndrome score in China.
World J Gastrointest Surg
January 2025
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated with Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
Background: Despite improved survival rates in rectal cancer treatment, many patients experience low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The preoperative LARS score (POLARS) aims to address the limitations of LARS assessment by predicting outcomes preoperatively to enhance surgical planning.
Aim: To investigate the predictive accuracy of POLARS in assessing the occurrence of LARS.
Exploring Mosquito Excreta as an Alternative Sample Type for Improving Arbovirus Surveillance in Australia.
Pathogens
January 2025
Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Current arbovirus surveillance strategies in Australia involve mosquito collection, species identification, and virus detection. These processes are labour-intensive, expensive, and time-consuming and can lead to delays in reporting. Mosquito excreta has been proposed as an alternative sample type to whole mosquito collection, with potential to streamline the virus surveillance pipeline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated Fecal Lipocalin-2 Levels During Early Life Are Associated with Maternal Inflammatory Bowel Disease Diagnosis.
Dig Dis Sci
January 2025
Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
Background: Fecal lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a biomarker of neutrophil activation, which is elevated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, its dynamic changes during pregnancy and early life are largely unknown. We characterized LCN2 levels by maternal IBD diagnosis, offspring feeding behavior, and gut microbiota composition.
Methods: In the prospective MECONIUM (Exploring Mechanisms of Disease Transmission In Utero through the Microbiome) study, we analyzed 559 fecal samples from 91 pregnant women with IBD, 78 healthy controls, and their 147 offspring for LCN2 levels at each trimester of pregnancy and multiple time points during early life using linear mixed-effects model and multiple logistic regression analyses.
Fecal occult blood affects intestinal microbial community structure in colorectal cancer.
BMC Microbiol
January 2025
Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, People's Republic of China.
Background: Gut microbes have been used to predict CRC risk. Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) has been recommended for population screening of CRC.
Objective: To analyze the effects of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) on gut microbes.
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