Background: Neonatal tetanus (NNT) is a major cause of newborn deaths especially in the developing world. While efforts aimed at eradicating NNT should be sustained, it is equally imperative to reduce death among affected infants. Therefore, the factors associated with mortality rate in this condition need to be studied.
Methods: The records of infants with NNT over a 15-year period (1991-2005) were reviewed. A statistical comparison of the survivors and fatalities for relevant clinical characteristics was done, and the determinants of fatality rate were also determined using logistic regression.
Results: Ninety-six of 151 newborns with NNT died, giving a mortality rate of 63.6%. The case fatality rate during the study period varied between 33.3% and 100%. More deaths occurred in the infants with low birth weight (P=0.004) within 1 day at the onset of symptoms (P<0.001), whose mothers aged 18 years or less (P=0.001) belonged to socio-economic class V (P=0.001). Determinants of mortality in these infants with NNT included low socio-economic class (P=0.002), no antitetanus vaccination (P=0.006), presentation with spasms (P<0.001), and non-administration of anti-tetanus serum during treatment (P=0.013).
Conclusions: The mortality rate in infants with NNT remains signifi cantly high in Nigeria. Improved maternal anti-tetanus vaccination and timely recognition and treatment of affected infants may jointly reduce the incidence and fatality rate of NNT.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12519-010-0010-9 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A study of association between maternal tetanus toxoid immunization and neonatal mortality in the context of Bangladesh.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
Background: Maternal tetanus toxoid (MTT) vaccination during pregnancy remains an important factor for reducing infant mortality globally, especially in developing nations, including Bangladesh. Despite commendable progress in reducing child mortality through widespread MTT vaccination during pregnancy, the issue still exists. This analysis explores the impact of MTT vaccination on neonatal mortality in Bangladesh and identifies associated factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation attributable fractions for modifiable risk factors of neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality in 48 low- and middle-income countries.
J Glob Health
January 2025
Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: Identifying the modifiable risk factors for childhood mortality using population-attributable fractions (PAFs) estimates can inform public health planning and resource allocation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We estimated PAFs for key population-level modifiable risk factors of neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality in LMICs.
Methods: We used the most recent Demographic and Health Survey data sets (2010-22) from 48 LMICs, encompassing 35 sub-Saharan African countries and 13 countries from South and Southeast Asia (n = 506 989).
Determinants of Neonatal Mortality at a Referral Paediatric Hospital in Angola: A Case-Control Study Using Theoretical Frameworks.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
November 2024
Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
Neonatal mortality rates in developing countries are influenced by a complex array of factors. Despite advancements in healthcare, Angola has one of the highest neonatal mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa, with significant contributors including premature birth, intrapartum events, tetanus, and sepsis. This study, utilizing key theoretical frameworks such as intersectionality, social determinants of health (SDOH), and ecosocial theory, aimed to identify the primary causes and contributing factors of neonatal mortality among infants admitted to the Neonatology Service at DBPH in Luanda from May 2022 to June 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety and immunogenicity of an acellular pertussis vaccine containing genetically detoxified pertussis toxin administered to pregnant women living with and without HIV and their newborns (WoMANPOWER): a randomised controlled trial in Uganda.
Lancet Glob Health
January 2025
Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection and Vaccine Institute, City St George's, University of London, London, UK; Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the safety and immunogenicity of a TdaP vaccine for pregnant women living with HIV, aiming to protect infants from severe pertussis disease.
- Conducted in Uganda, the trial randomly assigned 181 women (HIV-positive and HIV-negative) to receive either the TdaP or Td vaccine, evaluating immune responses in infants post-delivery.
- Findings will provide valuable insights into the vaccine's effectiveness and safety for this specific population, contributing to better health outcomes for mothers and their babies.
Factors associated with tetanus toxoid vaccine utilization among reproductive-age women in Debre Markos town, Ethiopia, 2021: a cross-sectional study.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother
December 2024
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: The risk of neonatal tetanus infection will be reduced when the pregnant woman takes two doses of the maternal tetanus toxoid vaccine. In Ethiopia, however, low immunization coverage levels, mostly due to missed opportunities, are a concern. The study's main objective of the study was to assess tetanus toxoid immunization utilization coverage and associated factors among postnatal mothers in Debre Markos town, Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!