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Use of polymerase chain reaction to characterize the etiology of culture-negative empyema and parapneumonic effusion among Alaska Native children - 2018-2023.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc
December 2024
Arctic Investigations Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.A.
We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify bacterial infections in culture-negative pleural fluid specimens from Alaska Native children hospitalized with empyema. PCR identified ≥1 organism in 11 (79%) of 14 specimens. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 was detected in six specimens; all six participants had received 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis, imaging, and treatment of thoracic empyema.
Curr Opin Pulm Med
December 2024
Thoracics Department, University College London Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust Westmoreland Street Hospital, London, UK.
Purpose Of Review: The management of thoracic empyema is often complicated by diagnostic delays, recurrence, treatment failures and infections with antibiotic resistant bacteria. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, particularly in clinical decision support, imaging, and diagnostic microbiology raises great expectations in addressing these challenges.
Recent Findings: Machine learning (ML) and AI models have been applied to CT scans and chest X-rays to identify and classify pleural effusions and empyema with greater accuracy.
A Case of a Successfully Treated Patient With a Delayed Diagnosis of Boerhaave's Syndrome and Severe Complications.
Cureus
November 2024
Gastroenterology, Institute for Specialization and Mastering of Doctors, University Hospital Tsaritsa Ioanna, Sofia, BGR.
Boerhaave's syndrome is a rare critical condition manifesting as transmural esophageal rupture. It is usually associated with forceful emesis and increased intraesophageal pressure. Immediate aggressive surgical intervention is imperative in such cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasmablastic Lymphoma Manifesting As Pleural Thickening and Effusion: A Case Report.
Cureus
November 2024
Radiology, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR.
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PbL) is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, primarily linked to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This case report presents a 34-year-old HIV-positive patient who exhibited unusual signs of pleural thickening and effusion. Initial evaluations, including imaging and pleural fluid analysis, suggested thoracic empyema.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpyema Necessitans Due to Tuberculosis in a Patient With Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Case Report.
Cureus
November 2024
Medicine, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Kalubowila, LKA.
Empyema necessitans (EN) is a rare condition characterized by the accumulation of pus in the extra-thoracic soft tissue due to decompression of intrathoracic empyema by extending through the parietal pleura and chest wall usually by . This is a report of a patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus type 2 presenting with high-grade fever, productive cough, dyspnoea and a left-sided pleuritic chest pain complicated by a left pleural effusion. It further extended to extra-thoracic soft tissue space without fistulation to the external environment.
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