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A novel paradigm for measuring prediction abilities in a rat model using a speech-sound discrimination task.
Behav Brain Res
August 2024
Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, United States; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States. Electronic address:
The ability to predict and respond to upcoming stimuli is a critical skill for all animals, including humans. Prediction operates largely below conscious awareness to allow an individual to recall previously encountered stimuli and prepare an appropriate response, especially in language. The ability to predict upcoming words within typical speech patterns aids fluent comprehension, as conversational speech occurs quickly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn imbalance of excitation and inhibition in the multisensory cortex impairs the temporal acuity of audiovisual processing and perception.
Cereb Cortex
September 2023
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
The neural integration of closely timed auditory and visual stimuli can offer several behavioral advantages; however, an overly broad window of temporal integration-a phenomenon observed in various neurodevelopmental disorders-could have far-reaching perceptual consequences. Non-invasive studies in humans have suggested that the level of GABAergic inhibition in the multisensory cortex influences the temporal window over which auditory and visual stimuli are bound into a unified percept. Although this suggestion aligns with the theory that an imbalance of cortical excitation and inhibition alters multisensory processing, no prior studies have performed experimental manipulations to determine the causal effects of a reduction of GABAergic inhibition on audiovisual temporal perception.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Dyslexia-associated gene is involved in neuronal migration in the developing chick visual system.
Int J Dev Biol
August 2023
Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
The gene KIAA0319-Like (KIAA0319L) is thought to confer susceptibility for developmental dyslexia. Dyslexia may be caused by alterations in neuronal migration, and in utero knockdown of KIAA0319L in rats indicated migration errors. However, studies carried out with KIAA0319L knockout mice did not reveal an altered neuronal migration phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid auditory processing and medial geniculate nucleus anomalies in Kiaa0319 knockout mice.
Genes Brain Behav
July 2022
Department of Psychological Science/Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
Developmental dyslexia is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in reading and writing. Although underlying biological and genetic mechanisms remain unclear, anomalies in phonological processing and auditory processing have been associated with dyslexia. Several candidate risk genes have also been identified, with KIAA0319 as a main candidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe dyslexia susceptibility KIAA0319 gene shows a specific expression pattern during zebrafish development supporting a role beyond neuronal migration.
J Comp Neurol
November 2019
School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Dyslexia is linked to genetics, especially the KIAA0319 gene, which appears crucial for neurodevelopment, though its exact function isn't clear.
- Research using zebrafish showed that KIAA0319 is highly expressed early in development and later becomes localized in specific structures, including the brain and notochord.
- Unlike its similar gene, kiaa0319-like, KIAA0319 is uniquely expressed in the notochord, indicating it may have distinct roles in structural development, important for body patterning in vertebrates.
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