Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
Objective: To investigate the correlations between adipocytokines and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Methods: Sixty women with polycystic ovary syndrome aged 19-34 years old were divided into 2 groups: group A [n = 36, BMI > or = 25 kg/m(-2) or WHR (waist height ratio) > 0.85] and group B (n = 24, BMI < 25 kg/m(-2) and WHR < or = 0.85). Twenty-six healthy infertile women with a mean age of 26 + or - 8 years old served as controls and they were named as group C (n = 26, BMI < 25 kg/m(-2) and WHR < or = 0.85). Anthropometric measurements, hormonal profiles and metabolic profiles were compared between three groups. Plasma leptin, CRP and free fatty acid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).
Results: (1) Adiponectin and TNF-alpha levels were significantly higher in group B (17 + or - 9) mg/L and (1.0 + or - 0.3) mg/L respectively than in group A (10 + or - 7) mg/L and (0.8 + or - 0.2) mg/L respectively. Leptin was lower in group B (24 + or - 13) microg/L and group C than in group A (42 + or - 21) microg/L (all P < 0.01). IL-6 was higher in group A (173 + or - 184) ng/L and group B (184 + or - 44) ng/L than in group C (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively). No significant difference of circulating level of CRP was found between these 3 groups. (2) Leptin was positively correlated with BMI, WHR and HOMA-IR (all P < 0.01) whereas adiponectin was negatively correlated with BMI, WHR and HOMA-IR (P < 0.01; P < 0.01, P < 0.05 respectively). Multivariate regression showed that adiponectin was the most significant predictor of HOMA-IR and it explained 16.5% of variance.
Conclusion: The higher levels of leptin and TNF-alpha, the lower level of adiponectin in obese PCOS and the higher level of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in non-obese PCOS suggested different adipocytokines play different roles of insulin resistance in PCOS.
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