Glandular secreting trichomes of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and close relatives produce a variety of structurally diverse volatile and non-volatile specialized ('secondary') metabolites, including terpenes, flavonoids and acyl sugars. A genetic screen is described here to profile leaf trichome and surface metabolite extracts of nearly isogenic chromosomal substitution lines covering the tomato genome. These lines contain specific regions of the Solanum pennellii LA0716 genome in an otherwise 'wild-type' M82 tomato genetic background. Regions that have an impact on the total amount of extractable mono- and sesquiterpenes (IL2-2) or only sesquiterpenes (IL10-3) or specifically influence accumulation of the monoterpene alpha-thujene (IL1-3 and IL1-4) were identified using GC-MS. A rapid LC-TOF-MS method was developed and used to identify changes in non-volatile metabolites through non-targeted analysis. Metabolite profiles generated using this approach led to the discovery of introgression lines producing different acyl chain substitutions on acyl sugar metabolites (IL1-3/1-4 and IL8-1/8-1-1), as well as two regions that influence the quantity of acyl sugars (IL5-3 and IL11-3). Chromosomal region 1-1/1-1-3 was found to influence the types of glycoalkaloids that are detected in leaf surface extracts. These results show that direct chemical screening is a powerful way to characterize genetic diversity in trichome specialized metabolism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04154.x | DOI Listing |
Plant Physiol
December 2024
Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain.
The number and distribution of trichomes, i.e., the trichome pattern, in different plant organs shows a conspicuous inter- and intraspecific diversity across Angiosperms that is presumably involved in adaptation to numerous environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Soc Mass Spectrom
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States.
Leaves of tomato plants contain various glandular trichomes that produce a wide range of metabolic products including acylsugars, which may serve as a defense mechanism against various insect pests. Acylsugars exhibit significant structural diversity, differing in their sugar cores, acylated positions, and type of acyl chains. This work demonstrated a comprehensive approach using multidimensional separation techniques, specifically liquid chromatography-ion mobility-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS/MS), for structural characterization, and the discrimination of different tomato plants (one cultivar and five accessions) was demonstrated using tomato leaf extracts; six genotypes from five species of were represented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Acad Bras Cienc
December 2024
Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Avenida Mister Hull, s/n, Campus do PICI, 60440-900 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Aiming to verify whether the diversity of secretory structures with their respective exudates are or not responsible for the attendance of floral visitors in Miconia species, the floral secretory structures of two Amazonian species of Miconia were described and interpreted from the functional perspectives and observations of floral visitors. Flowers and floral visitors were collected in the field for 16 months. The flowers were subjected to standard anatomical analyzes using light and scanning electron microscopy, and the secretory structures were evaluated using histochemical tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt.
The genus Tourn. ex L. (Ephedraceae) is an important source with pharmacological and environmental potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicron
February 2025
Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe necator poses a major challenge for grapevine cultivation. This study investigates how stomatal and structural traits influence resistance to this pathogen across diverse Vitis genotypes. Microscopic analysis revealed significant variations in stomatal characteristics.
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