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In this study, we report the case of a patient with triple-negative breast cancer who achieved a pathological complete response(pCR)following neoadjuvant chemotherapy but experienced early recurrence and had a poor prognosis. A 46-year-old woman with a diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer(cT2cN3cM0, cStage ⅢC)received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by weekly paclitaxel. The patient underwent a mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection, achieving pCR.

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Introduction: Identifying predictors of pathological complete response (pCR) and long-term outcomes after neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer is needed to individualize treatment and patient monitoring. This study aimed to investigate clinicopathological factors affecting pCR and long-term outcomes in stage III breast cancer patients receiving a dose-dense neoadjuvant regimen.

Methods: This is a retrospective study including patients with stage III breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of doxorubicin 60 mg/m² plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m², followed by paclitaxel 175 mg/m² every two weeks at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital and Hanoi Oncology Hospital between January 2015 and December 2022.

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Background: Higher cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) numbers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and positive long-term outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). pCR to NAC is achieved only in 30-40% of patients. The combination of NAC with pembrolizumab increases the pCR rate but at the cost of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

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Background: The iPocc trial, a randomized, global phase 3 study that compared intraperitoneal (IP) and intravenous (IV) carboplatin with dose-dense paclitaxel chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients, demonstrated improved progression-free survival in patients who received IP chemotherapy. The present study aimed to investigate the role of preexisting tumor immunity in the clinical outcomes of patients receiving IP chemotherapy.

Methods: This study involved analyzing patient data from the iPocc trial, selectively of those whose tumor specimens were preserved at the time of primary surgery.

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Article Synopsis
  • Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) is gaining importance in breast cancer treatment as it helps downstage tumors and provides insights into therapy responses, impacting individual prognoses and treatment choices.
  • Common NST regimens include anthracyclines and taxanes, with specific recommendations for HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer patients to enhance outcomes.
  • Recent clinical trials are focusing on optimizing NST options, especially for high-risk breast cancer, with emerging strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors showing potential benefits.
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