Background & Objective: It is well documented that in preschool children undernutrition is associated with immune depression and increased risk of infections; infections aggravate undernutrition. Underweight is the most widely used indicator for assessment of undernutrition for investigating undernutrition and infection interactions. In India, nearly half the children are stunted and underweight; but majority of children have appropriate weight for their height and less than a fifth are wasted. The present study was undertaken to explore which of the five anthropometric indices for assessment of undernutrition (weight for age, height for age, wasting, BMI for age, and wasting and stunting with low BMI) is associated with more consistent and higher risk of morbidity due to infection in preschool children.
Methods: The National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3) database provided the following information in 56,438 preschool children: age, sex, weight, height, infant and young child feeding practices and morbidity due to infections in the last fortnight. Relative risk (RR) of morbidity due to infections was computed in infants and children with stunting, underweight, low BMI for age, wasting and stunting with low BMI (< mean-2SD of WHO 2006 standards).
Results: Comparison of the RR for infections in undernourished children showed that the relative risk of morbidity due to infections was higher and more consistently seen in children with low BMI and wasting as compared to stunting or underweight. The small group of children who had stunting with wasting had the highest relative risk of morbidity due to infection.
Interpretation & Conclusion: In Indian preschool children, RR for infection was more consistently associated with BMI for age and wasting as compared to weight for age and height for age. Low BMI for age and wasting indicate current energy deficit; early detection and correction of the current energy deficit might reduce the risk of infection and also enable the child to continue in his/her growth trajectory for weight and height.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Introduction: Screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia through the measurement of 17-hydroxyprogesterone on the neonatal blood spot aims to: a) prevent neonatal deaths; b) allow earlier identification and thereby decrease the severity of the initial salt-wasting episode; and c) shorten the time during which a severely virilized genetic female newborn may be assigned the male sex. It is now practiced in the majority of high-income countries, although the positive predictive value of the test is very low in infants born preterm, who seem to be infrequently affected. In almost all low- and middle-income countries, it has not yet been implemented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Prevalence and Determinants of Undernutrition Among Infants and Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Systematic Scoping Review.
Nutr Rev
January 2025
Governance and Development Mzumbe University, Dar-es-Salaam Campus College, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Objective: To explore the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among infants and children aged 6 months to 5 years in sub-Saharan African countries.
Background: Despite substantial progress over the past 20 years, undernutrition has remained an alarming global challenge. Sub-Saharan Africa is the only region where the prevalence of stunting in children younger than 5 years has significantly increased.
Prognostic factors for refractory outcome in localizing TIO: experience in a tertiary center.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, USA.
Context: TIO, a paraneoplastic disorder characterised by renal phosphate wasting, is cured by surgical removal of the culprit tumour. Despite correct localization, some remain refractory to intervention, resulting in substantial long-term medical complications.
Aim: We aim to identify risk factors associated with a refractory outcome.
Bodyweight affects mortality in an L-shape pattern in patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting.
Future Cardiol
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Background: The role of body composition as a risk factor for adverse outcomesduring coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has been controversial. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of body weight on mortality in patients undergoing CABG.
Method: Using a large NIS database and ICD-10 coding for different bodyweight categories, we evaluated the effect of cachexia, overweight, obesity, and morbid obesity on in-hospital mortality after CABG.
The prevalence of malnutrition in children under 6 in Southern Iran from 2018 to 2023: a population-based study authors.
J Health Popul Nutr
January 2025
Research Center for Non-Communicable Disease, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
Background: Malnutrition, wasting, and obesity among children under 6 years old pose a serious global health concern, increasing the risk of various infectious and non-infectious diseases. Therefore, regular monitoring of these conditions is crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in children under 6 years of age from 2018 to 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!