Histological evaluation of periodontal regeneration in autogenous tooth transplantation in the dog: a comparison between one and two-stage surgical techniques, a pilot study.

Objective: To compare the periodontal regeneration, associated with autogenous tooth transplantation in dogs, using either one- or two-stage surgical techniques.

Methods: The study group consisted of three Beagles, older than 5 months, in which six incisors and six premolars were transplanted to mechanically prepared recipient sockets. One group was transplanted using a one-stage method to recipient beds prepared immediately before transplantation. The second group of teeth were transplanted using a two-stage method in which the recipient beds were prepared and left to heal for 7 days before transplantation. Clinical examinations were done every week and the animals were euthanized 9 weeks later. Subsequently, decalcified sections were prepared for routine and immunohistochemical histological evaluation. Periodontal healing was evaluated by undertaking histomorphometric analysis and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test (P = 0.05).

Results: All the transplanted teeth in both groups survived. No statistically significant difference was found in the complete healing between the treatment groups (P = 0.053). There was no difference between the occurrence of inflammatory root resorption (P = 0.135) and replacement root resorption (P = 0.081).

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that there was no difference between the two surgical techniques in terms of preventing root resorption in transplanted teeth.