Exercise and menopause: a time for positive changes.

Exercise may help control a number of physical and psychological problems and changes associated with menopause and midlife, including depression, weight gain, loss of muscle mass and bone density, the risk of coronary artery disease, and possibly vasomotor symptoms. The basic prescription of aerobic exercise (20 to 60 minutes 3 to 5 days per week) and strength training (2 to 3 days per week) should be adapted to the patient's medical condition, fitness level, motivation, experience, and preferences. Exercise effects can be supplemented by estrogen therapy, a low-fat diet, and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.