AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Inspiration of air containing high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO(2); hypercarbic gas exposure) mobilizes respiratory, sympathetic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses and increases anxiety-like behaviour in rats and humans. Meanwhile the same stimulus induces panic attacks in the majority of panic disorder patients. However, little is known about the neural circuits that regulate these acute effects. In order to determine the effects of acute hypercarbic gas exposure on forebrain and brainstem circuits, conscious adult male rats were placed in flow cages and exposed to either atmospheric air or increasing environmental CO(2) concentrations (from baseline concentrations up to 20% CO(2)) during a 5 min period. The presence of immunoreactivity for the protein product of the immediate-early gene c-fos was used as a measure of functional cellular responses. Exposing rats to hypercarbic gas increased anxiety-related behaviour and increased numbers of c-Fos-immunoreactive cells in subcortical regions of the brain involved in: (1) the initiation of fear- or anxiety-associated behavioural responses (i.e. the dorsomedial hypothalamus, perifornical nucleus and dorsolateral and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray); (2) mobilization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (i.e. the dorsomedial hypothalamus, perifornical nucleus and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus); and (3) initiation of stress-related sympathetic responses (i.e. the dorsomedial hypothalamus, dorsolateral periaqueductal grey and rostroventrolateral medulla). These findings have implications for understanding how the brain senses changes in environmental CO(2) concentrations and the neural mechanisms underlying the subsequent adaptive changes in stress-related physiology and behaviour.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881109353464 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Pairs with Near-Identical Results: Probability of Arterial or Venous Source.
Am J Perinatol
August 2024
Grand Rounds Software, LLC, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.
Objective: In studies of concomitant arterial-venous umbilical cord blood gases (CAV-UBGs), approximately 10% of technically valid samples have very similar pH and/or pCO values and were probably drawn from the same type of blood vessel. Without a way to objectively determine the source in these cases, it has been argued that most of these same-source CAV-UBGs are venous because the vein is larger and more easily sampled than the artery. This study aimed to calculate the probability of an arterial (ProbAS) or venous source (ProbVS) of same-source CAV-UBGs in the clinically and medicolegally important pH range of 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelation between partial arterial carbon dioxide pressure and pH value and optic nerve sheath diameter: a prospective self-controlled non-randomized trial study.
J Ultrasound
March 2023
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Specialist, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Objective: This study aims to determine if there is a correlation between differences in optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and changes in PaCO and pH values that were measured in the arterial blood gas (ABG) before and after treatment in COPD patients with acute hypercarbic respiratory failure (AHRF).
Materials And Methods: This study serves as a prospective self-controlled non-randomized trial study conducted in the emergency clinic of a tertiary hospital. Forty-four patients with COPD, who were found to have acidosis and hypercarbia in ABG and had an indication for non-invasive mechanic ventilation (NIMV), were analyzed prospectively.
An overview of noninvasive ventilation in cystic fibrosis.
Pediatr Pulmonol
February 2022
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, USA.
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) use was initially reported in cystic fibrosis (CF) in 1991 as a bridge to lung transplantation, and over the decades, the use of NIV has increased in the CF population. Individuals with CF are prone to various physiologic changes as lung function worsens, and they benefit from NIV for advanced lung disease. As life expectancy in CF has been increasing due to advances such as highly effective modulator therapy, people with CF may also benefit from NIV for other diagnosis beyond advanced lung disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnd-tidal carbon dioxide underestimates plasma carbon dioxide during emergent trauma laparotomy leading to hypoventilation and misguided resuscitation: A Western Trauma Association Multicenter Study.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg
November 2019
From the Department of Surgery (E.M.C., C.K.R., N.B., E.E.M., M.J.C., C.C.B.), Denver Health Medical Center; Department of Surgery (L.F., R.M., S.U.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Denver, Colorado; Department of Surgery (B.B., H.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Surgery (R.C., S.M., A.C., E.R., B.N.G.), University of California, San Francisco; Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (R.C., S.M., A.C., E.R., B.N.G.), San Francisco, California; Department of Surgery (B.P., M.M.M.), LSU Health Science Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana; Department of Surgery (J.N., A.G., S.A.), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; Department of Surgery (S.D., L.B., J.D., O.A.), Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland; Department of Surgery (T.S., J.R., Z.S., C.D., H.H.), UCHealth Memorial Hospital, Colorado Springs, Colorado; Department of Surgery (D.S., J.B.), University of California, Davis, Davis, California; Department of Surgery (M.C.S., T.W.W., J.S.B.), Grant Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery (A.R.P., E.E.), Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Surgery (S.L.S., A.P.), Dell Seton Medical Center at the University of Texas, Austin, Texas; Department of Surgery (S.M.M., A.L.S., P.O.U., M.N., A.D.), Wakemed, Raleigh, North Carolina; and, School of Public Health (A.S.), University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
Background: End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is routinely used during elective surgery to monitor ventilation. The role of ETCO2 monitoring in emergent trauma operations is poorly understood. We hypothesized that ETCO2 values underestimate plasma carbon dioxide (pCO2) values during resuscitation for hemorrhagic shock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of End-Tidal, Arterial, Venous, and Transcutaneous P.
Respir Care
October 2019
Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: We investigated the measurement of end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P ) with a capnometer in patients with respiratory failure, and we determined whether this technique could provide an alternative to measurement of P using arterial blood gas analysis in the clinical setting.
Methods: We measured P in subjects with hypoxemic and hypercarbic respiratory failure using a capnometer. We simultaneously measured P , venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P ), and transcutaneously measured partial pressure P (P ).
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!