Prevention of venous stasis in the lower limb by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of thromboprophylactic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TpTENS) of the peroneal nerve on venous blood flow in the limbs of volunteers. TpTENS might be considered for use in preventing venous stasis during surgical treatment.

Methods: In 10 volunteers, peak venous velocity (PV) and flow volume (FV) in the popliteal vein were measured using duplex ultrasonography during calf-muscle stimulation. The effects of TpTENS of the peroneal nerve were compared with those of other mechanical methods, including electrical muscle stimulation, intermittent pneumatic compression, active ankle motion and calf squeeze, used to prevent venous stasis and achieve thromboprophylaxis.

Results: TpTENS had similar effects on popliteal vein blood flow in comparison with other established methods of thromboprophylaxis. The PV increased its basal flow by 3.9 times (p < 0.01) and FV by 2.7 times (p < 0.01), respectively, compared with baseline values.

Conclusions: TpTENS is as effective as other electrical and mechanical methods of calf-muscle pump activation in achieving acceleration of venous flow in the lower limb.