In medicine and biotechnology, close monitoring of molecular processes might assist to optimise therapeutic interventions and production of biochemicals, respectively. Here, we summarize the current status of two automatic and continuous sampling technologies, microdialysis and microfiltration, which facilitate both in vivo and in vitro monitoring of nearly any analyte, because they can be combined easily with many analytical techniques. Conventional microdialysis and microfiltration, which require collecting relatively large samples, are however often impractical and semi-quantitative; hence, we focus on ultraslow sampling to circumvent such limitations. Ultraslow microdialysis and microfiltration already have been used successfully for quantitative pharmacokinetics, glucose metabolism (e.g. of the brain), cytokines and proteomics (e.g. tumour secretomes), both in vivo and in vitro.
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Automatic kinetic bioaccessibility assay of lead in soil environments using flow-through microdialysis as a front end to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
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FI-Trace group, Departament of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
In-line microdialysis is in this work hyphenated to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry via a dedicated flow-based interface for monitoring the batchwise leaching test endorsed by the Standards, Measurements and Testing Program (SM&T) of the European Commission. The bioaccessible pool of lead in soils is measured using 0.43 mol/L AcOH as extractant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltraslow microdialysis and microfiltration for in-line, on-line and off-line monitoring.
Trends Biotechnol
March 2010
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University Center Psychiatry (UCP) Section Biological Psychiatry. P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
In medicine and biotechnology, close monitoring of molecular processes might assist to optimise therapeutic interventions and production of biochemicals, respectively. Here, we summarize the current status of two automatic and continuous sampling technologies, microdialysis and microfiltration, which facilitate both in vivo and in vitro monitoring of nearly any analyte, because they can be combined easily with many analytical techniques. Conventional microdialysis and microfiltration, which require collecting relatively large samples, are however often impractical and semi-quantitative; hence, we focus on ultraslow sampling to circumvent such limitations.
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Annu Rev Biomed Eng
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Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, USA.
By maintaining a near normal (70-120 mg/dL) glucose concentration, diabetic patients can drastically reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of diabetes complications. In the near future, subcutaneously implanted electrochemical glucose sensors will be available to provide frequent or continuous information on which timely treatment decisions, such as insulin injection or glucose source intake, can be based, as well as timely alarm signals. The currently engineered devices are of three types: (a) innocuous microsensors, with actively mass-transporting areas < 10(-3) cm2, replaced twice a week by the patient; (b) self-contained, surgeon-implanted, transmitter-containing packages of > 1 cm2 area, operating for > 100 days; and (c) devices transporting subcutaneous fluid to an external sensor, based on implanted microfiltration or microdialysis fibers or on iontophoretic transport of the subcutaneous fluid through the skin.
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Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
Hollow fiber membranes are enjoying widespread use as barrier materials in many implanted applications. In order to predict in vivo device behavior, it is important to understand and quantify the changes to the membrane and to the tissue immediately surrounding it that occur following implantation. We have considered a range of commercially available hollow fiber membranes for their suitability as candidates for subcutaneously implanted applications.
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