[Clinical analysis of thirteen cases of hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin.].

Objective: To characterize hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy with carboplatin in patients with gynecologic malignancies and serve use of carboplatin.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features, management, or outcome of carboplatin-related hypersensitivity reactions in 13 patients with gynecologic malignancies from 1983 to 2008.

Results: Twenty times hypersensitivity reactions happened in thirteen women with carboplatin hypersensitivity reactions. The earliest one was at the 5th cycle, the last one was at the 28th cycle; the average cycle was 11.6. The accumulative dosage of carboplatin was 1 900 - 11 400 mg. The average dose was 4840 mg, 2500 - 7200 mg were the main dose range. More than 5 cycles and (or) more than 2500 - 7200 mg of carboplatin administration significantly increased the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions in the twelve patients. Reactions were generally occurred at the first 5 - 10 minutes during intravenous infusion. The average time was 7.6 minutes. Symptoms included mild-to-moderate reactions and severe reactions. Thirteen patients experienced carboplatin hypersensitivity. Two out of 13 cases exhibited severe hypersensitivity reaction at the first time. The first hypersensitivity reactions was mild-to-moderate in 11 cases. When retreated with carboplatin, 4 exhibited no more reactions, 5 exhibited mild-to-moderate hypersensitiviry reactions, 2 exhibited severe reactions. Mild-to-moderate reactions were resolved by temporary interruption of carboplatin infusion, and (or) using steroid, while severe hypersensitivity reactions were resolved by more medicines.

Conclusions: The hypersensitivity reactions in the patients receiving carboplatin are increased after multiple doses of the agent. The possible of retreat with the carboplatin for the mild-to-moderate reactions may be considered. Hypersensitivity reactions should be treated actively. The following chemotherapy should be planed individually. The primary chemotherapy protocol for the patients with severe hypersensitivity reactions should not be reconsidered.