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Biomedicines
December 2024
Hospital Pediatrics, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg 194100, Russia.
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) can be regarded as a key factor determining the severity of multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 in children (MIS-C), and often requires treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) to avoid life-threatening complications. No reputable specific criteria for the diagnosis of MAS in MIS-C patients have yet been identified, and criteria currently used for the diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndromes, such as HLH-2004, MAS-2005, and MAS-2016, are not sufficient for MAS in MIS-C. Our goal in this study was to work out the criteria for the early diagnosis of MAS in MIS-C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Allergy Clin Immunol
December 2024
Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Electronic address:
Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)
July 2024
Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
This case report presents the management of a 25-year-old woman with refractory hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) secondary to adult-onset Still's disease. Despite initial treatment with corticosteroids and biologic therapies, including anakinra and tocilizumab, her condition continued to deteriorate, necessitating intensive care unit admission. Following multidisciplinary consultation, ruxolitinib therapy, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor targeting hyperinflammation, was initiated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
December 2024
Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is a severe hyperinflammatory disorder induced by overactivation of macrophages and T cells. This study aims to identify the risk factors for the progression from infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) to EBV-HLH, by analyzing the laboratory parameters of patients with EBV-IM and EBV-HLH and constructing a clinical prediction model. The outcome of this study carries important clinical value for early diagnosis and treatment of EBV-HLH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Hematol
December 2024
Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) has a wide range of clinical presentations and is sometimes life-threatening. It is often treated with systemic corticosteroids and etoposide, but no optimal treatment has been identified. Dexamethasone palmitate (DP) contains a combination of dexamethasone and a lipid emulsion and is selectively taken up by activated macrophages.
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