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Analysis of seroprevalence and risk factors for syphilis and HIV among female sex workers and transgender individuals in different cities of Sindh, Pakistan.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Introduction: Co-infections of syphilis and HIV have been found to exacerbate the impact on sexual and reproductive health, especially among key population groups such as Female Sex Workers (FSWs) and Transgender Individuals (TGs). The data on the prevalence and determinants of syphilis and HIV in Pakistan, particularly in Sindh province, is limited. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for HIV and syphilis infections among FSWs and TGs in different cities of Sindh, Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of animal health staff and farmers towards brucellosis control in sheep and goat in China: A cross-sectional study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Background: In China, brucellosis has resurfaced recently with a discernible spatial distribution, particularly affecting dairy herds and small ruminant populations. However, limited dissemination of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) for brucellosis control exists among farmers and animal health staff. This study aimed to assess the KAP of brucellosis control and prevention in animal health staff and farmers, with the goal of educating the public regarding the application of efficient brucellosis control and prevention strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMathematical and statistical approaches in epidemiological investigation of hospital infection: A case study of the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak in Korea.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Mathematical and statistical methods are invaluable in epidemiological investigations, enhancing our understanding of disease transmission dynamics and informing effective control measures. In this study, we presented a method to estimate transmissibility using patient-level data, with application to the 2015 MERS outbreak at Pyeongtaek St. Mary's Hospital, the Republic of Korea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman naïve B cells recognize prepandemic influenza virus hemagglutinins.
Sci Immunol
January 2025
Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Understanding the naïve B cell repertoire and its specificity for potential zoonotic threats, such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx viruses, may allow prediction of infection- or vaccine-specific responses. However, this naïve repertoire and the possibility to respond to emerging, prepandemic viruses are largely undetermined. Here, we profiled naïve B cell reactivity against a prototypical HPAI H5 hemagglutinin (HA), the major target of antibody responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The Tanzania HIV Impact Survey (THIS) 2022-2023 showed that HIV prevalence among the general population stabilises but varies geographically across the country. Despite this, disproportionate burdens of HIV continue among specific subpopulations, such as fishermen. Fishermen are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection and have a low uptake of HIV prevention and treatment services.
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