This article presents a clinical case of late diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus retinitis of right eye in a 32-year-old patient who was unaware of her HIV status. In addition, this article reviews the literature reflecting clinical, diagnostic, and treatment issues of some opportunistic infections in AIDS.
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Cureus
December 2024
Infectious Diseases, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Lisbon, PRT.
Extra-cavitary primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), often associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) infection, represents a rare and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is predominantly found in individuals with severe immunosuppression. As an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated lymphoma, PEL typically manifests in the context of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, requiring tailored therapeutic approaches to manage both the lymphoma and underlying immunodeficiency. A 53-year-old male patient from Cape Verde presented with a three-day history of fever, night sweats, right iliac fossa pain, hematochezia, and an unintentional weight loss of five kilograms over the previous two months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Med Mycol
May 2024
Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Science, Gangtok, India.
Background And Purpose: infections in India have shifted, with an increase in the incidence rate of invasive candidiasis, particularly due to non- species. The central nervous system infections by are sparsely reported and more understanding and research is needed regarding these infections.
Case Report: This study reported an unusual case of meningitis in a middle-aged female with pulmonary tuberculosis and newly diagnosed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with a low cluster of differentiation 4 count (12 cells/mm).
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
Background: Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) continue to face heightened susceptibility to opportunistic infections (OIs). Adequate nutrition remains an essential factor that positively influences disease progression and the occurrence of OIs. In Ghana, no study has evaluated the association between dietary diversity and OI occurrence among adults with HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
January 2025
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences of clinical indices in HIV patients between three different first-line antiretroviral treatment strategies in Yunnan Province, China. Furthermore, the hematologic system, liver function, kidney function, blood lipid levels of HIV patients and its association with CD4+ count, CD8+ count, CD4/CD8 ratio and antiretroviral treatment were also assessed.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 81 participants who underwent highly active antiretroviral treatment from September 2009 to September 2019.
AIDS Res Ther
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, xitai road, gaoxin District, Xi'an city, Shaanxi Province, China.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus mainly infecting immune cells. Central nervous system diseases in HIV-infected patients can be caused by HIV or opportunistic infections. Neurological diseases associated with HIV have diverse manifestations and may occur in early or late stages.
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