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Metabolic modelling uncovers the complex interplay between fungal probiotics, poultry microbiomes, and diet.
Microbiome
December 2024
Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
Background: The search for alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production has increased interest in probiotics. However, the complexity of the interactions between probiotics, gut microbiome, and the host hinders the development of effective probiotic interventions. This study explores metabolic modelling to examine the possibility of designing informed probiotic interventions within poultry production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of cashew nutshell extract inclusion into a high-grain finishing diet on methane emissions, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation in beef steers.
J Anim Sci
November 2024
North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL, 32446, USA.
Article Synopsis
- By 2050, the U.S. beef industry needs to produce an additional 40 million tons of beef, which raises concerns about increased methane emissions from livestock, necessitating over a 20% reduction in methane.
- Adding anacardic acid from cashew nutshell extract (CNSE) to a high-grain diet showed promise in reducing methane production, although its effectiveness varied based on diet composition.
- A study with Angus steers found that CNSE improved weight gain and feed intake while significantly lowering methane emissions without negatively affecting overall digestibility.
A diet-dependent host metabolite shapes the gut microbiota to protect from autoimmunity.
Cell Rep
November 2024
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Electronic address:
Diet can protect from autoimmune disease; however, whether diet acts via the host and/or microbiome remains unclear. Here, we use a ketogenic diet (KD) as a model to dissect these complex interactions. A KD rescued the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis in a microbiota-dependent fashion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBempedoic acid suppresses diet-induced hepatic steatosis independently of ATP-citrate lyase.
Cell Metab
October 2024
Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address:
ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) synthesizes acetyl-CoA for de novo lipogenesis (DNL), which is elevated in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Hepatic ACLY is inhibited by the LDL-cholesterol-lowering drug bempedoic acid (BPA), which also improves steatosis in mice. While BPA potently suppresses hepatic DNL and increases fat catabolism, it is unclear if ACLY is its primary molecular target in reducing liver triglyceride.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLactobacillaceae differentially impact butyrate-producing gut microbiota to drive CNS autoimmunity.
Gut Microbes
October 2024
Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have an anti-inflammatory effect, are reduced in multiple sclerosis (MS), with unclear reasons for their depletion in the gut microbiome.* -
- In a study using a model for MS, it was found that certain gut bacteria can worsen symptoms by depleting SCFA-producing microbes and that increased dietary fiber can help counteract this effect.* -
- This research suggests that managing SCFA levels in MS patients may need a combination of dietary changes and adjustments to the gut microbiome to improve health outcomes.*
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