Computed tomography (CT) is very sensitive for detection and localization of intracranial calcifications. We reviewed in this pictorial essay the diseases associated with intracranial calcifications and emphasized the utility of CT for the differential diagnosis.
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Cracking the Code of Calcification: How Presence and Burden among Intracranial Arteries Influence Stroke Incidence and Recurrence.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
January 2025
University of Padova (M.C.); University of Bologna (M.O.A.); Department of Radiology (R.C, R.S., L.S.), Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) di Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Program (S.C.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States; CVPath Institute (R.V.), Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States; Department of Radiology (G.DR.), Azienda San Camillo Forlanini, Rome, Lazio, Italy; Department of Epidemiology (D.B.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.B.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands; Mayo Clinic (L.S.), Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
Background: Intracranial atherosclerosis accounts for about 8% of all strokes in Western societies but the influence of arterial calcification on plaque instability is a topic on ongoing debate.
Purpose: Explore the association between the presence and burden of calcium in atherosclerotic plaques among intracranial arteries with the risk of clinical or silent stroke events through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Data Sources: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, studies from PubMed and Embase were analyzed up to May 2024.
Clinical, laboratory, and molecular characteristics of patients with spondyloenchondrodysplasia: a case series study.
Eur J Pediatr
January 2025
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Liv Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Unlabelled: Spondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized with skeletal dysplasia, immune dysregulation, and neurological impairment. Patients diagnosed with SPENCD at a single pediatric hematology center were included in the study. The patients' clinical characteristics, symptoms at presentation, imaging and laboratory results, and genetic analysis results were collected retrospectively from their files.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep learning and radiomics-based vascular calcification characterization in dental cone beam computed tomography as a predictive tool for cardiovascular disease: A proof-of-concept study.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Objectives: This study evaluated an automated deep learning method for detecting calcifications in the extracranial and intracranial carotid arteries and vertebral arteries in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Additionally, a model utilizing CBCT-derived radiomics imaging biomarkers was evaluated to predict the cardiovascular diseases (CVD) of stroke and heart attack.
Methods: Models were trained using the nn-UNet architecture to identify three locations of arterial calcifications: extracranial carotid calcification (ECC), intracranial carotid calcification (ICC), and vertebral artery calcification (VAC).
[Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up study of basal ganglia infarction after minor head trauma in infants and young children].
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, China.
Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of infants and young children with basal ganglia infarction after minor head trauma (BGIMHT).
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Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Segmentation of a Falx Cerebri Calcification on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Case Report.
Medicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Chair of Practical Clinical Dentistry, Department of Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland.
Intracranial calcifications, particularly within the falx cerebri, serve as crucial diagnostic markers ranging from benign accumulations to signs of severe pathologies. The falx cerebri, a dural fold that separates the cerebral hemispheres, presents challenges in visualization due to its low contrast in standard imaging techniques. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in machine learning and deep learning, have significantly transformed radiological diagnostics.
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