Adipose tissue plays an active role in normal metabolic homeostasis as well as in the development of human diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetes. We report here antimicrobial activities of the metabolites from adipocytes. Specifically, semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase of differentiated 3T3-L1 cells was found to utilize methylamine for producing formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide, accounting for the inhibition of infectivity of Toxoplasma gondii and its replication in these cells. This was demonstrated by the findings that semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase was extremely high in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells; and that the infection of these cells by T. gondii and its intracellular replication were decreased to 33% and 37% of the control, respectively, when methylamine was provided in micromolar concentrations as the substrate to the aminoxidase. Only one of the two reaction products expected was found inhibitory against T. gondii when added to the infected pre-adipocytes of 3T3-L1. Intracellular replication of this parasite was inhibited by formaldehyde in the range of 10-100 microM and stimulated by hydrogen peroxide at 1-10 microM. The finding indicates that T. gondii may be useful as a sensitive and convenient sentinel for screening agents toxic to eukaryotic cells.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2009.12.014 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Novel multitarget analgesic candidate SZV-1287 demonstrates potential disease-modifying effects in the monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis mouse model.
Front Pharmacol
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Introduction: Monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) is the most commonly used rodent model for testing anti-OA drug candidates. Herein, we investigated the effects of our patented multitarget drug candidate SZV-1287 (3-(4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl) propanal oxime) that is currently under clinical development for neuropathic pain and characterized the mouse model through complex functional, imaging, and morphological techniques.
Methods: Knee OA was induced by intraarticular MIA injection (0.
Amine Oxidase, Copper Containing 3 () Knockout Mice Are More Prone to DSS-induced Colitis and Colonic Tumorigenesis.
In Vivo
August 2024
Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey;
Background/aim: Inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Amine oxidase, copper-containing 3 (AOC3) is a critical enzyme in the physiological trafficking of leukocytes and the regulation of inflammation. This study aimed to examine the effects of Aoc3 deficiency in mice models of colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel MAO-B/SSAO Inhibitor Improves Multiple Aspects of Dystrophic Phenotype in Mice.
Antioxidants (Basel)
May 2024
Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most frequent and severe childhood muscle diseases. Its pathophysiology is multifaceted and still incompletely understood, but we and others have previously shown that oxidative stress plays an important role. In particular, we have demonstrated that inhibition of mitochondrial monoamine oxidases could improve some functional and biohumoral markers of the pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe first selective VAP-1 inhibitor in China, TT-01025-CL: safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single- and multiple-ascending doses.
Front Pharmacol
April 2024
Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
TT-01025-CL is an oral, irreversible small molecule that potently inhibits vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) for the treatment of inflammation associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of TT-01025-CL, a VAP-1 inhibitor, in healthy Chinese volunteers. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation studies were conducted in subjects randomized to receive oral once-daily TT-01025-CL (ranges: 10-300 mg [single dose]; 20-100 mg for 7 days [multiple doses]) or placebo under fasting conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of vascular adhesion protein-1 in diabetes and diabetic complications.
J Diabetes Investig
August 2024
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) plays a dual role with its adhesive and enzymatic properties, facilitating leukocyte migration to sites of inflammation and catalyzing the breakdown of primary amines into harmful by-products, which are linked to diabetic complications. Present in various tissues, VAP-1 also circulates in a soluble form in the bloodstream. Diabetes is associated with several complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, significantly contributing to disability and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!