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The hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology and the search for neurobiological substrates of mental illness: A systematic review and roadmap for future research.
J Psychopathol Clin Sci
November 2024
Psychology Department, Georgia State University.
Article Synopsis
- The study critiques traditional psychiatric classifications and proposes the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) as a more effective dimensional approach to understanding mental disorders.
- HiTOP is based on quantitative research linking various diagnoses and symptoms, making it potentially more relevant for clinical neuroscience.
- A systematic review of 164 neuroimaging studies found consistent results across multiple levels of psychopathology, indicating HiTOP's promise but also pointing out limitations in the current research landscape.
[Late-onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis with very late onset].
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova
August 2024
Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
Article Synopsis
- - The review examines late-onset schizophrenia and very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP), emphasizing their psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects, as well as the lack of research focused on these conditions compared to early-onset schizophrenia and other mental health issues in older adults.
- - Research findings were sourced from multiple databases, highlighting a significant gap in understanding late-onset schizophrenia, particularly regarding diagnosis, treatment, and the unique challenges faced by older patients.
- - The study advocates for a comprehensive treatment approach that includes medication, psychotherapy, and the involvement of caregivers, while also stressing the need to evaluate the risks and benefits of pharmacological treatments in elderly patients.
Current psychiatric diagnoses are not defined by neurobiological measures which hinders the development of therapies targeting mechanisms underlying mental illness . Research confined to diagnostic boundaries yields heterogeneous biological results, whereas transdiagnostic studies often investigate individual symptoms in isolation. There is currently no paradigm available to comprehensively investigate the relationship between different clinical symptoms, individual disorders, and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMulti-polygenic scores in psychiatry: From disorder specific to transdiagnostic perspectives.
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
January 2024
Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
The dense co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders questions the categorical classification tradition and motivates efforts to establish dimensional constructs with neurobiological foundations that transcend diagnostic boundaries. In this study, we examined the genetic liability for eight major psychiatric disorder phenotypes under both a disorder-specific and a transdiagnostic framework. The study sample (n = 513) was deeply phenotyped, consisting of 452 patients from tertiary care with mood disorders, anxiety disorders (ANX), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders, and/or substance use disorders (SUD) and 61 unaffected comparison individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA genome-wide association study of a rage-related misophonia symptom and the genetic link with audiological traits, psychiatric disorders, and personality.
Front Neurosci
January 2023
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Introduction: People with misophonia experience strong negative emotional responses to sounds and associated stimuli-mostly human produced-to an extent that it may cause impairment in social functioning. The exact nature of the disorder remains a matter of ongoing research and debate. Here, we investigated the genetic etiology of misophonia to understand contributing genetic factors and shed light on individual differences in characteristics that are related to the disorder.
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