Stable isotopes and their potential for detecting various and complex ecosystem processes are attracting an increasing number of scientists. Progress is challenging, particularly under global change scenarios, but some established views have been challenged. The IX meeting of the Spanish Association of Terrestrial Ecology (AAET, Ubeda, 18-22 October 2009) hosted a symposium on the ecology of stable isotopes where the linear mixing model approach of partitioning sinks and sources of carbon and water fluxes within an ecosystem was challenged, and new applications of stable isotopes for the study of plant interactions were evaluated. Discussion was also centred on the need for networks that monitor ecological processes using stable isotopes and key ideas for fostering future research with isotopes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0950 | DOI Listing |
Plant Cell Environ
January 2025
The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Nitrate reduction requires reducing equivalents produced by the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Therefore, it has been suggested that nitrate assimilation provides a sink for electrons under high light conditions. We tested this hypothesis by monitoring photosynthetic efficiency and the chloroplastic glutathione redox potential (chl-E) of plant lines with mutated glutamine synthetase 2 (GS2) and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase 1 (GOGAT1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Biol Lett
January 2025
Enzymology and Metabolism Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Background: Metabolism is error prone. For instance, the reduced forms of the central metabolic cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), can be converted into redox-inactive products, NADHX and NADPHX, through enzymatically catalyzed or spontaneous hydration. The metabolite repair enzymes NAXD and NAXE convert these damaged compounds back to the functional NAD(P)H cofactors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
Phytotoxic air pollutants such as atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO) are among the major stresses affecting tree photosynthesis in urban areas. We clarified the relationship between NO concentrations and photosynthetic function for three major urban trees, Prunus × yedoensis, Rhododendron pulchrum, and Ginkgo biloba, planted in Kyoto and surrounding cities, combining our published data and new data collected from 2020 to 2023. High NO increased long-term water use efficiency for all species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid Commun Mass Spectrom
March 2025
School of Earth, Environment & Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Rationale: Carbonate minerals are one of the most popular samples for an automated sample preparation system for CF-IRMS, such as GasBench II and iso FLOW, but no standardized analytical protocols exist. This study gives guidelines on optimal analytic conditions for carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of Ca-Mg carbonates when using the carbonate-phosphoric acid reaction method.
Methods: Calcite (CaCO-McMaster Carrara), dolomite (CaMg(CO)-MRSI Dolomite), and magnesite (MgCO-ROM Brazil Magnesite) with two grain size fractions (< 74 and 149-250 μm) were reacted with 103% (specific gravity of 1.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Background: Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is a promising biomarker of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. NfL levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood provide information about disease progression and are increasingly relied on as outcome measure in clinical trials. Understanding NfL kinetics in vivo is critical for interpreting NfL in response to new events where a steady state cannot be assumed, such as acute injury, disease onset or progression, or response to disease-modifying therapies.
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