The osmotic concentration, or osmolality, of biological fluids is measured by means of osmometers-cryoscopes, whose operating principle is based on cryoscopy, namely on the determination of the osmolality of solutions from the change in their freezing point. The osmometers-Cryoscopes can determine the effective osmolality that is created by the inorganic molecules of a solution. Stable osmolality in the body fluids is provided by an osmotic pressure Regulatory system. The osmometers have presently extensive applications in different areas of medicine, pharmacology, and food-processing industry.
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