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Posthumous Sperm Use in Times of War: Ethics, Law and Society.
J Law Med Ethics
January 2025
LOUIS BRANDEIS INSTITUTE FOR SOCIETY, ECONOMY AND DEMOCRACY.
This article delves into the legal developments, bioethical nuances, and societal perspectives surrounding posthumous sperm use, particularly in the context of soldiers falling during their service. It analyzes the Israeli example during The Swords of Iron War, where the bioethical dilemma is decided based on national solidarity, beyond the "clean" bioethical-legal discussion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating cognitive bias in clinical ethics supports: a scoping review.
BMC Med Ethics
January 2025
Unité de Neurophysiologie du Stress, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, Brétigny Sur Orge Cedex, 91223, France.
Background: A variety of cognitive biases are known to compromise ethical deliberation and decision-making processes. However, little is known about their role in clinical ethics supports (CES).
Methods: We searched five electronic databases (Pubmed, PsychINFO, the Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline) to identify articles describing cognitive bias in the context of committees that deliberate on ethical issues concerning patients, at all levels of care.
B-phosphatidylethanol testing to identify hazardous alcohol use in primary health care-a game changer and a challenge for general practitioners: a qualitative study.
Scand J Prim Health Care
January 2025
Primary Health Care Centre Ekholmen, Linköping and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Background And Aims: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and hazardous alcohol use are common but underdiagnosed in primary health care (PHC). This study aimed to explore general practitioners' (GPs') experiences and perceptions of using B-Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a specific quantitative biomarker for alcohol use, in their clinical work with patient consultations and treatment follow-up in Swedish PHC.
Design, Participants, And Setting: Individual interviews were conducted with GPs and resident GPs (n 20) in Swedish PHC and analysed using qualitative content analysis.
The road forward with swarm systems.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
January 2025
Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz, Magdeburg 39106, Germany.
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are accelerating progress in swarm systems. Large and bulky autonomous systems are being replaced with many, smaller, cheaper, distributed, decentralized and collectively smarter systems. However, developing these swarm intelligence systems comes with multiple challenges, including technological challenges to engineer smaller and smarter machines, interaction challenges to design novel interfaces and modalities for communication and sociotechnical challenges related to trustworthiness, ethics and legalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeeking consensus on dilemmas related to euthanasia in dementia based on an advance directive: a Delphi study from a medical, ethical and legal perspective.
J Med Ethics
January 2025
Medicine for Older People, AmsterdamUMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Euthanasia in dementia based on advance euthanasia directives (AEDs) is possible within the Dutch Euthanasia law. Yet, physicians struggle with the responsibility of interpreting the law's open norms in cases of advanced dementia, which includes the fulfilment of the due care criteria. This Delphi study aims to analyse arguments and seek consensus from medical, ethical and legal perspectives on ethical dilemmas in such cases.
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