[Image: see text] In 1955 the principle of strain release was put forward to explain the differing reactivity of axial and equitorial alcohols during oxidation. Our findings suggest that this same rationale may account for the differing rates of activation between axial and equitorial C–H bonds in C–H activation processes. In conjunction with steric and electronic considerations, strain-release can be used to qualitatively predict relative rates and site specificity of C–H activation in complex settings.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200904474 | DOI Listing |
The ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses is the largest in history, with unprecedented transmission to multiple mammalian species. Avian influenza A viruses of the H5 subtype circulate globally among birds and are classified into distinct clades based on their hemagglutinin (HA) genetic sequences. Thus, the ability to accurately and rapidly assign clades to newly sequenced isolates is key to surveillance and outbreak response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBJU Int
January 2025
Department of Urology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Objectives: To summarise the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on urological practice globally with a focus on Australian initiatives, as the pandemic resulted in radical changes in healthcare infrastructure and policies.
Methods: We conducted a literature review of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE) and Web of Science medical databases. The key terms used to conduct our search algorithm comprised of 'COVID', 'wait list or wait time or delay', 'urology', 'surgery' and 'outcomes', and generated 231 articles.
Microb Pathog
January 2025
Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yujinxiang Street 573, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, China. Electronic address:
Brucellosis is listed by the World Health Organization as one of the seven most neglected global zoonotic diseases. A live-attenuated vaccine is still the main strategy used to prevent the spread of brucellosis. In this study, we constructed a two-gene (purE and purK)-deletion vaccine in Brucella melitensis vaccine strain M5 with homologous recombination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Sudden biological contamination in Drinking Water Distribution System (DWDS) significantly threatens the safety of drinking water, with E. coli invasions being particularly hazardous to human health. Traditional disinfection methods (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Microbe
January 2025
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address:
Background: Antibiotic heteroresistance is a common bacterial phenotype characterised by the presence of small resistant subpopulations within a susceptible population. During antibiotic exposure, these resistant subpopulations can be enriched and potentially lead to treatment failure. In this study, we examined the prevalence, misclassification, and clinical effect of heteroresistance in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections for the clinically important antibiotics cefotaxime, gentamicin, and piperacillin-tazobactam.
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