The aim of this study was to develop Polish sentence tests for accurate measuring of speech intelligibility in masking interfering noise. Two sets of sentence lists have been developed. The first set was composed of 25 lists and was used for sentence intelligibility scoring. The second set was composed of 22 lists and was used for word intelligibility scoring. The lists in each set have been phonemically and statistically balanced. The speech reception threshold (SRT) and slope of the psychometric function at the SRT point (S(50)) were determined in normal-hearing subjects. It was found that the mean SRT and mean list-specific S(50list) for the first set were equal to -6.1 dB and 25.5%/dB, respectively. The mean SRT and the mean list-specific S(50list) for the second set were:-7.5 dB and 20.8%/dB. Due to a relatively steep slope of the psychometric functions, the Polish sentence tests were shown to be accurate materials for speech intelligibility measurements against interfering noise. They are the first sentence speech-in-noise tests developed for Slavonic languages.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14992020902725521 | DOI Listing |
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2024
Sime Darby Plantation Berhad, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Unlabelled: Driven by the demand for more sustainable products, research and capital investment has been committed to developing microbially produced oils. While researchers have shown oleaginous yeasts and other microbes can produce low-carbon footprint oils by leveraging waste streams as energy sources, previous analyses have not fully explored the quantity of available waste streams and in turn economy-of-scale enabled on capital and operating expenses. This paper makes parallels to 2G ethanol facilities, enabling a data-driven understanding of large-scale production economics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Bot
November 2024
Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Background And Aims: The transformation of sieve elements (SEs) from meristematic cells, equipped with a full complement of organelles, to specialized transport tubes devoid of a nucleus, has long been enigmatic. We hypothesized a strong involvement of various degradation pathways, particularly macroautophagy in this context, emphasizing the importance of autophagic selectivity in the remaining viability of these cells.
Methods: Experiments were performed on pioneer roots of Populus trichocarpa cultivated in rhizotrons under field conditions.
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2024
Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland.
Unlabelled: Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are commercial waste that are still rich in numerous valuable ingredients and can be further processed into useful products such as coffee oil, antioxidant extract, lactic acid, and lignin. The challenge and innovation is to develop the SCG processing technology, maximizing the use of raw material and minimizing the use of other resources within the sequential process. The presented research is focused on the aspect of biotechnological production of lactic acid from SCG by using the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strain isolated from the environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
August 2024
Complex Systems Theory Department, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
Punctuation is the main factor introducing correlations in natural language written texts and it crucially impacts their overall effectiveness, expressiveness, and readability. Punctuation marks at the end of sentences are of particular importance as their distribution can determine various complexity features of written natural language. Here, the sentence length variability (SLV) time series representing by Julio Cortázar are subjected to quantitative analysis with an attempt to identify their distribution type, long-memory effects, and potential multiscale patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaos
August 2024
Complex Systems Theory Department, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
As the recent studies indicate, the structure imposed onto written texts by the presence of punctuation develops patterns which reveal certain characteristics of universality. In particular, based on a large collection of classic literary works, it has been evidenced that the distances between consecutive punctuation marks, measured in terms of the number of words, obey the discrete Weibull distribution-a discrete variant of a distribution often used in survival analysis. The present work extends the analysis of punctuation usage patterns to more experimental pieces of world literature.
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