Pruritus in connective tissue and other common systemic disease states.

Pruritus is a common symptom reported in connective tissue and other common systemic disease states. Unfortunately, the unique pathophysiologic etiology of the often chronic and severe pruritus that is a debilitating component of many connective tissue disorders makes treatment with conventional anti-itch agents difficult. As the underlying mechanisms of pruritus have been identified, treatment strategies have evolved. Considering the diversity of available antipruritic therapies and the variability of underlying factors specific to disease states, individualized therapy recommendations are necessary. Important new areas of treatment target the central and peripheral mechanisms of pruritus and include anticonvulsants, antidepressants, opioid antagonists, and phototherapy Further research is necessary to quantify the role of new and novel antipruritic therapies.