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Machine learning derived retinal pigment score from ophthalmic imaging shows ethnicity is not biology.
Nat Commun
January 2025
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Few metrics exist to describe phenotypic diversity within ophthalmic imaging datasets, with researchers often using ethnicity as a surrogate marker for biological variability. We derived a continuous, measured metric, the retinal pigment score (RPS), that quantifies the degree of pigmentation from a colour fundus photograph of the eye. RPS was validated using two large epidemiological studies with demographic and genetic data (UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk Study) and reproduced in a Tanzanian, an Australian, and a Chinese dataset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemiquantitative 2-[F]FDG PET/CT-based parameters role in lymphoma.
Front Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Dipartimento di Radiodiagnostica e Radioterapia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
2-deoxy-2-[F]-fluoro-D-glucose (2-[F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) plays a crucial role in the management of lymphoma in different settings, such as staging disease, assessing response to therapy, predicting prognosis, and planning RT. Beside visual analysis, several semiquantitative parameters were introduced to study lymphoma with promising results. These parameters can represent different disease characteristics, like body composition (such as sarcopenic index), dissemination of disease (Dmax), tumor burden (including metabolic tumor volume) and texture features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdhesive-Free, Light, and Strong Particle Board.
Nano Lett
January 2025
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Wood particle boards are massively used in construction and household products. But they often raise health and environmental concerns because of the formaldehyde-based adhesives. More sustainable and high-strength particle boards are developed on a bio-based materials or their derivatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolicy brief: Improving national vaccination decision-making through data.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Coalition for Life Course Immunisation, Brussels, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- Life course immunisation emphasizes the importance of vaccination across generations, advocating for more robust data collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches.
- Advancements in AI, like machine learning and natural language processing, can improve how we analyze data and monitor vaccination in real-time.
- The GRADE process is crucial for public health decision-making and should incorporate real-world data to better address the diverse needs of populations and ensure effective vaccination strategies.
Integrative approaches to m6A and m5C RNA modifications in autism spectrum disorder revealing potential causal variants.
Mamm Genome
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that currently affects approximately 1-2% of the global population. Genome-wide studies have identified several loci associated with ASD; however, pinpointing causal variants remains elusive. Therefore, functional studies are essential to discover potential therapeutics for ASD.
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