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BRAF inhibitor monotherapy in BRAFV600E-mutated pediatric low-grade glioma: a single center's experience.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Background: Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) have an overall survival of over 90%; however, patients harboring a BRAF alteration may have worse outcomes, particularly when treated with classic chemotherapy. Combined BRAF/MEK inhibition following incomplete resection demonstrated improved outcome in BRAF altered pLGG compared to combined carboplatin/vincristine chemotherapy and is now considered the standard FDA-approved treatment for this group of tumors. The aim herein was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of single agent BRAF inhibitor treatment in BRAF altered pLGG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytoma in 12 Case Reports and Literature Review.
J Belg Soc Radiol
September 2024
Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
Spinal pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a rare disorder with atypical, clinical and imaging characteristics, and generally limited to case reports. We analysed the clinical manifestations, imaging findings, treatment and prognostic follow-up of 12 patients with spinal PA admitted from January 2010 to July 2021, and reviewed the relevant literature. Radiological assessment, especially magnetic resonance imaging, can help to provide effective diagnostic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of tumor-derived cell-free DNA in cerebrospinal fluid using a clinically validated targeted sequencing panel for pediatric brain tumors.
J Neurooncol
June 2024
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, US.
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the use of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnosing and selecting treatment for children with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, providing a safer alternative to traditional neurosurgical biopsies.
- CSF samples were collected from pediatric patients with various types of CNS tumors and analyzed using a next-generation sequencing platform, revealing that cfDNA can yield significant genetic information about the tumors.
- The findings show that genomic alterations in pediatric brain tumors can be detected in CSF-derived cfDNA, with a high concordance rate to tissue samples, highlighting the potential of liquid biopsy in clinical settings.
Rare Coexistence: Pilocytic Astrocytoma With Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Features in an Infant.
Cureus
March 2024
Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
This case report describes the presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management challenges encountered in an eight-month-old female infant with fever, seizure, and a large cystic brain lesion initially diagnosed as pilocytic astrocytoma but later demonstrating atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) features on histopathological examination-the infant presented with a fever and cold persisting for 10 days, followed by a seizure episode. Laboratory investigations revealed abnormalities, including anemia and leukocytosis. Imaging studies identified a large cystic lesion causing hydrocephalus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalcified Pilocytic Astrocytomas and Calcifying Pseudoneoplasms of the Neuraxis: A Diagnostic Challenge.
Cureus
January 2024
Department of Neuropathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, MEX.
Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), recognized as the most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) tumor, has long been associated with calcifications, a characteristic often attributed to benign or indolent growth patterns. In this study, we explored the calcified attributes in these tumors that beckon a deeper understanding. This is a retrospective study, on a set of seven cases, with a histopathological diagnosis of pilocytic astrocytoma with calcifications and psammoma bodies (PB).
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