We introduce a modified phase field crystal (MPFC) technique that self-consistently incorporates rapid strain relaxation alongside the usual plastic deformation and multiple crystal orientations featured by the traditional phase field crystal (PFC) technique. Our MPFC formalism can be used to study a host of important phase transformation phenomena in material processing that require rapid strain relaxation. We apply the MPFC model to study elastic and plastic deformations in nanocrystalline materials, focusing on the "reverse" Hall-Petch effect. Finally, we introduce a multigrid algorithm for efficient numerical simulations of the MPFC model.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.80.046107 | DOI Listing |
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
February 2025
Bioassays and Cellular Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP: São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Calcium phosphates, notably monetite, are valued biomaterials for bone applications owing to their osteogenic properties and rapid uptake by bone cells. This study investigates the enhancement of these properties through Cobalt doping, which is known to induce hypoxia and promote bone cell differentiation. Heat treatments at 700°C, 900°C, and 1050°C are applied to both monetite and Cobalt-doped monetite, facilitating the development of purer, more crystalline phases with varied particle sizes and optimized cellular responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Asian J
January 2025
Mahatma Gandhi University, School of Chemical Sciences, Priyadarsini Hills, 686560, Kottayam, INDIA.
Enantiomeric separation of chiral molecules is pivotal for exploring fundamental questions about life's origin and many other fields. Crystallisation is an important platform for the separation of chiral molecules, elegantly applied to many systems, for instance, the formation of conglomerates, where the enantiomers crystallise as separate phases. Many approaches have been proposed to explore crystallisation-driven enantiomeric separation with fewer insights into the complex pathways associated with the separation processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Transl Gastroenterol
January 2025
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA.
Introduction: We assessed potential mechanisms behind the requirement for more frequent dupilumab dosing in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) compared with other approved indications.
Methods: Results for the phase 3 LIBERTY EoE TREET study coprimary endpoints (proportion of patients achieving a peak intraepithelial eosinophil count of ≤6 eosinophils per high-power field and absolute change from baseline in Dysphagia Symptom Questionnaire total score) were pooled in exposure-response analyses.
Results: A steep initial relationship then plateau was observed between higher dupilumab steady-state trough concentrations and decreased eosinophilic infiltration at week 24, whereas a graded exposure-response relationship was observed for symptomatic improvement at week 24.
Curr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Purpose Of The Review: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a transient form of left ventricular dysfunction, typically affecting post-menopausal females, often preceded by emotional or physical stressful events that act as triggers. Initially believed to be a rare and benign condition for its reversible nature, TTS has recently emerged as a complex multifaceted clinical entity, with heterogenous clinical presentations and a non-negligible risk of serious in-hospital complications, including acute heart failure, arrhythmias and death.
Recent Findings: Emerging pathophysiological hypotheses, ranging from microvascular dysfunction to systemic inflammation, offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of TTS.
Clin Rheumatol
January 2025
Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
Ectopic calcifications occur in tendons, ligaments, entheses, muscles, and fasciae, and are often associated with pain and inflammation. In clinical settings, these calcifications are commonly treated by physical therapy and/or surgical interventions. However, there is not enough understanding of pharmacological treatments as primary cures, supportive therapy to physical or surgical treatment, or even preventive measures to avoid or diminish the development of ectopic calcifications.
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