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Early first trimester human embryonic cardiac Islet-1 progenitor cells and cardiomyocytes: Immunohistochemical and electrophysiological characterization. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of Islet-1 positive (Isl1(+)) progenitor cells in the developing human heart during the first trimester when organ development is crucial.
  • - Isl1(+) cells were found primarily in the outflow tract and to a lesser extent in the atria and right ventricle, but surprisingly, very few of these cells were actively dividing, even as many Isl1(-) cardiomyocytes were proliferating.
  • - Cultures of these embryonic heart cells formed spontaneously beating cardiospheres that could be revived after freezing, showing responsiveness to stimulation and indicating some of the Isl1(+) cells can differentiate into functional heart cells.

Article Abstract

The aims of this study were to systematically characterize the distribution, proliferation, and differentiation of Islet-1(+)(Isl1(+)) progenitor cells in the early first trimester human embryonic heart during which period most of the organogenesis takes place. In hearts of gestational week 5 to 10 Isl1(+)cells were identified and mainly clustered in the outflow tract and to a lesser extent in the atria and in the right ventricle. Some of the clusters were also troponin T(+). Unexpectedly a only few Isl1(+)cells were Ki67(+)while in the ventricles a majority of Isl1(-)troponinT(+)cells were Ki67(+). Cultures derived from the digested embryonic heart developed into spontaneously beating cardiospheres. At harvest cells in these cardiospheres showed frequent expression of troponin T(+)and Nkx2.5(+), while Isl1 was expressed only in scattered cells. Only a minority of the cultured cells expressed Ki67. The cardiospheres could be frozen, thawed, and recultured to beating cardiospheres. In a multielectrode array system, the beating cardiospheres were responsive to adrenergic stimulation and exhibited rate-dependent action potential duration. In conclusion, the early first trimester human embryonic heart expresses clusters of Isl1(+)cells, some of which differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Unexpectedly, only a minority of the Isl1(+)cells, while a majority of ventricular cardiomyocytes, were proliferating. Spontaneously beating cardiospheres could be derived from the human embryonic heart and these cardiospheres showed functional frequency control.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2009.10.001DOI Listing

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