An isolate of the tentative carlavirus species Hydrangea chlorotic mottle virus (HdCMV) was found in New Zealand (NZ) in 2007. The host range, serological properties and complete genome sequence of this isolate were determined in this study. While the NZ isolate shared 98% nucleotide sequence identity with the US isolate of HdCMV, differences in titre and host range were found. The HdCMV-NZ genome sequence of 8,433 nt possessed a typical carlavirus organisation with six open reading frames. HdCMV is most closely related (60.4% nt identity) to blueberry scorch virus, a relationship also suggested by serology. These data suggest that HdCMV is a new carlavirus species.
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