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Roles of inflammation and the activated protein C pathway in the brain edema associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Background And Purpose: Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, brain edema, and hemorrhage are important consequences of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The objective of this study was to define the role of the protein C pathway in the BBB permeability and edema elicited by experimental CVST. The role of neutrophil recruitment was also evaluated.

Methods: Edema, BBB permeability, leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion (LECA) and inflammatory cytokine levels were monitored in a murine model of CVST. The role of activated protein C (APC) was assessed in wild type mice (WT) receiving APC neutralizing antibody and in endothelial protein C receptor overexpressing mice (EPCR-tg). Neutrophil involvement was evaluated using an anti-CD18 antibody (Ab) and antineutrophil serum.

Results: Brain edema and increases in BBB permeability and LECA were noted 48 hours after CVST. APC immunoblockade exacerbated these responses, while EPCR-tg exhibited blunted responses, as did WT treated with either antineutrophil serum or the CD18 Ab.

Conclusions: The protein C pathway protects the brain against the deleterious microvascular responses to CVST, a response that appears to be linked to the recruitment of inflammatory cells.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799535PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.562983DOI Listing

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