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Trends in Ethnic Disparities in Stroke Care and Long-Term Outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Importance: Reducing the burden of stroke is a public health priority. While higher stroke incidence among ethnic minority populations (defined in the context of this study as individuals who are not White) is well established, reports on ethnic inequalities in care or outcomes are conflicting and often limited to hospital-admitted patients and short-term outcomes.
Objective: To investigate ethnic differences in stroke care and outcomes up to 5 years after stroke and describe temporal trends and contributory factors.
Temporal trends and patterns for early- and late-onset adult liver cancer incidence vary by race/ethnicity, subsite, and histologic type in the United States from 2000 to 2019.
Cancer Causes Control
January 2025
Epidemiology Department, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
Purpose: To examine incidence trends and patterns for early- and late-onset liver cancer.
Methods: Liver and intrahepatic bile duct (IBD) cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were acquired from 22 SEER registries. Variables included early-onset (20-49) vs.
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Background: Little is known about how plasma Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers relate to neuroimaging biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in the context of neurodegeneration and AD pathology in late life.
Method: This cross-sectional study included 251 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Exam 6 participants with plasma AD biomarkers (Aβ42/Aβ40, GFAP, NfL, p-tau181, p-tau217, p-tau231; Quanterix SIMOA), MRI (neurodegeneration and cSVD), PiB (amyloid) PET, and UDSv3-based adjudicated cognitive status (69% cognitively normal, 27% MCI, 4% probable dementia) data at the Wake Forest site. Multivariable models examined relationships among cognitive status, plasma, and neuroimaging biomarkers (covariates: age, education, race, gender, smoking status, kidney function [eGFR], APOE-ε4, BMI; significance at p<.
Public Health.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: The number of individuals with age-related cognitive impairment is projected to increase at an unprecedented rate over the next few decades due to demographic shifts. Recent research endeavors have been increasingly aimed at understanding risk factors at the neighborhood level, notably socioeconomic status (SES). This review aims to provide insight into the current state of knowledge on the role of neighborhood disadvantage, defined by neighborhood SES, on late-life cognitive outcomes.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: Most human genetic association studies have been undertaken in populations of European ancestry, despite >75% of the world's population being of Asian or African ancestry. In addition, many of the non-white genetic studies have had small sample sizes and lack replication. To date, >80 different genetic variants have been identified for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) using populations mainly of European ancestry and from high income countries, despite more than ∼60% of dementia cases living in low and middle-income countries.
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