The infectivity of poliomyelitis virus by the intracutaneous route occurs in certain strains but is not a constant character. The inconsistency of skin infectivity tests indicates that there is some property yet unknown which influences this characteristic. Strains of poliomyelitis virus vary in the degree of immunity produced in experimental monkeys injected with active virus by the intracutaneous route and subsequently tested for resistance by intranasal injections. The variation has no relation to the virulence of the strain. Further investigation on the intranasal route of injection should be carried on so that this method may be used with greater assurance in immunity tests, and also in other procedures of poliomyelitis experimentation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.71.5.645 | DOI Listing |
Int J Nanomedicine
January 2025
School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly malignant and aggressive gastrointestinal tumor. Due to its weak immunogenicity and limited immune, cell infiltration lead to ineffective clinical outcomes. Therefore, to improve the current prophylaxis and treatment scheme, offering a favorable strategy efficient against CRC is urgently needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dis
January 2025
School of Public Health, Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Between 2016 and 2023, 3248 cases of circulating vaccine-derived type 2 poliomyelitis (cVDPV2) were reported globally and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with monovalent type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV2) and novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) targeted an estimated 356 and 525 million children, respectively. This analysis estimates the community-level impact of nOPV2 relative to mOPV2 SIAs.
Methods: We fitted interrupted time-series regressions to surveillance data between January 2016 and November 2023 to estimate the impact of nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIAs on cVDPV2 poliomyelitis incidence and prevalence in environmental surveillance across 37 countries, directly comparing the impact of SIAs in 13 countries where both vaccines were used.
BMC Biol
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Background: Poliovirus receptor (PVR) and its receptor system, including TIGIT, CD226, and CD96, play a pivotal role in orchestrating tumor immune evasion. Upon engagement with PVR on tumor cells, CD96 exerts inhibitory effects on the function of T cells and NK cells, thereby fostering tumor immune evasion. Therefore, screening of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the CD96/PVR pathway will provide promising candidates for tumor immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Microbiol Infect
January 2025
MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Vaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Background/objectives: Conventional live oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs) effectively prevent poliomyelitis. These vaccines are derived from three attenuated Sabin strains of poliovirus, which can revert within the first week of replication to a neurovirulent phenotype, leading to sporadic cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) among vaccinees and their contacts. A novel OPV2 vaccine (nOPV2) with enhanced genetic stability was developed recently; type 1 and type 3 nOPV strains were engineered using the nOPV2 genome as a backbone by replacing the capsid precursor polyprotein (P1) with that of Sabin strains type 1 and type 3, respectively.
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