Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) enzymatic activity is essential for the biosynthesis of the serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitters, and AADC activity is functionally associated with a number of human neuronal disorders. Here we describe the molecular characterization of AADC from the pig. Pig AADC shows a high degree of similarity to human and rodent AADC at the cDNA and protein level. Exon position shuffling has exchanged the location of the stop codon in pig AADC to the last exon 15 instead for the exon 14 position in the human, the rat, and the mouse AADC. Several pig AADC isoforms were identified, including the also in human described extraneuronal and neuronal isoforms generated by alternative splicing and alternative promoter usage. The AADC expression in the developing pig brain is highly expressed in the basal ganglia and the brain stem regions, and also significantly expressed in the cortex, the hippocampus and the cerebellum. Moreover, we observe that both the neuronal and the extraneuronal AADC mRNA isoforms were present at early brain developmental stages in the brain stem and the basal ganglia. This presents the first evidence that the non-neuronal AADC isoform also is expressed in the brain. Together our results propose that the porcine model is useful for future functional delineations of the AADC gene at the molecular level.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2009.10.051 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
T-2 toxin triggers depression-like behaviors via upregulation of dopamine transporter in nucleus accumbens of male mice.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
November 2024
College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China. Electronic address:
The T-2 toxin is a frequent contaminant in the global environment and agricultural production. Existing evidence suggests that the ingested T-2 toxin can enter the brain and exhibit neurotoxicity. However, it is still unknown whether T-2 toxin causes the depression-like behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease Using Midbrain Developmental Genes to Regulate Dopaminergic Neuronal Maintenance.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Premedicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, FTC12, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major neurodegenerative condition marked by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons, leading to various disabling symptoms, yet conventional treatments fail to halt disease progression.* -
- Gene therapy presents a promising alternative that could improve symptoms and have fewer side effects; early-phase clinical trials show that certain gene therapies safely boost dopamine levels.* -
- Strategies that modify the disease's progression focus on protecting neurons and their environment, utilizing factors like Nurr1 and neurotrophic factors which may enhance the survival of dopamine neurons.*
[Achondroplasia : New era of orthopedic treatment?].
Orthopadie (Heidelb)
December 2024
Abteilung für Kinderorthopädie und Fußchirurgie, Orthopädisches Spital Speising, Speisinger Str. 109, 1130, Wien, Österreich.
Achondroplasia is the most common skeletal dysplasia. With the development of new growth-promoting drug treatment for children and adolescents with achondroplasia, multidisciplinary care has become increasingly more important. In addition to orthopedic care, a specialized team comprised of pediatrics/endocrinology, radiology, neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, anesthesiology, physiotherapy, psychology and other disciplines is necessary to develop and implement a holistic concept to improve the quality of life for individuals affected by achondroplasia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSustainable production of the drug precursor tyramine by engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
October 2024
Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Tyramine is gaining attention for its use in high-performance thermoplastics, hydrogels, and as a precursor for various pharmaceuticals.
- The study successfully engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum to produce tyramine from basic nitrogen and sustainable carbon sources through metabolic engineering.
- It demonstrated that tyramine can be produced from alternative carbon sources like ribose and xylose, and stable production was confirmed in a larger bioreactor.
Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in a lack of the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Patients present with a wide spectrum of symptoms, including motor and autonomic dysfunction, hypotonia, and developmental delay, often before the age of one. Until recently, treatment options were limited to symptom control, but the recent approval of the first gene therapy for AADC deficiency in Europe and the UK has provided an alternative to treating symptoms for this disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!