Background: Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) are known to be effective in improving safety at work. Unfortunately they are often too resource-heavy for small businesses.
Objectives: The aim of this project was to develop and test a simplified model of OHSMS suitable for small enterprises.
Methods: The model consists of 7 procedures and various operating forms and check lists, that guide the enterprise in managing safety at work. The model was tested in 15 volunteer enterprises.
Results: In most of the enterprises two audits showed increased awareness and participation of workers; better definition and formalisation of respon sibilities in 8 firms; election of Union Safety Representatives in over one quarter of the enterprises; improvement of safety equipment. The study also helped identify areas where the model could be improved by simplification of unnecessarily complex and redundant procedures.
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J Occup Environ Hyg
January 2025
Air Pollution Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
The pathogenic potential of airborne particles carrying the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome was examined by considering the size distribution of airborne particles at given distances from the respiratory zone of an infected patient after coughing or sneezing with a focus on time, temperature, and relative humidity. The results show an association between the size distribution of airborne particles, particularly PM and PM, and the presence of viral genome in different stations affected by the distance from the respiratory zone and the passage of time. The correlation with time was strong with all the dependent factors except PM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Departement of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Introduction: Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers. Despite diagnosis and treatment advances, survival rates have not increased over the past 32 years. This study estimated and reported the global burden of ovarian cancer during the past 32 years to inform preventative and control strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China.
Substantial epidemiological evidence suggests a significant correlation between particulate matter 2.5 (PM) and lung cancer. However, the mechanism underlying this association needs to be further elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
January 2025
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.
The stability of influenza virus in respiratory particles varies with relative humidity (RH) and protein content. This study investigated the decay, or loss of infectivity, of influenza A virus (IAV) in 1-μL respiratory droplets deposited on a surface with varying concentrations of mucin, one of the most abundant proteins in respiratory mucus, and examined the localization of virions within droplets. IAV remained stable at 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Epidemiol
February 2025
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
Background: Sex steroid hormones are critical for maintaining pregnancy and optimal fetal development. Air pollutants are potential endocrine disruptors that may disturb sex steroidogenesis during pregnancy, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes.
Methods: In the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Infant Development pregnancy cohort (Rochester, NY), sex steroid concentrations were collected at study visits in early-, mid-, and late-pregnancy in 299 participants.
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