We investigate hydrometeor habits at the AIDA chamber with a newly developed in-line holographic microscope HOLographic Imager for Microscopic Objects (HOLIMO). Sizes and habits of ice crystals and droplets in a mixed-phase cloud experiment are related to relative humidity with respect to ice (RH(ice)), temperature (T), and experiment time. This experiment is initiated with supercooled water drops. As a result, ice crystals within a maximum particle diameter size range of 2 to 118 microm (average size of 19 microm) are detected and 63% of them reveal regular habits. The observed particle habits match those predicted for a given RH(ice) and T. Two different growth modes emerge from this cloud. The first one appears during water injection and reveals mainly optical particle sizes in the range of 5 to 250 microm. The second mode grows to sizes of 5 to 63 microm, just after the particles of the first one fall out. It is found that an increasing aspect ratio chi of maximum length over thickness from 2 to 20 as obtained by HOLIMO corresponds to a decreasing linear depolarization ratio from 0.1 to 0.04, as independently obtained by depolarization measurements.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.48.005811 | DOI Listing |
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
January 2025
Mechanical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States.
Mechanical properties of engineered connective tissues are critical for their success, yet modern sensors that measure physical qualities of tissues for quality control are invasive and destructive. The goal of this work was to develop a noncontact, nondestructive method to measure mechanical attributes of engineered skin substitutes during production without disturbing the sterile culture packaging. We optimized a digital holographic vibrometry (DHV) system to measure the mechanical behavior of Apligraf living cellular skin substitute through the clear packaging in multiple conditions: resting on solid agar as when the tissue is shipped, on liquid media in which it is grown, and freely suspended in air as occurs when the media is removed for feeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Physics, Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.
A lensless compact arrangement based on digital in-line holography under Gabor's regime is proposed as a novel contactless method to assess the profile of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) which are conformed by several diffractive rings. Diffractive MIOLs are a widely adopted ophthalmologic option for the correction of presbyopia in patients undergoing cataract surgery. The MIOL optical design might introduce non-negligible optical performance differences between lenses as well as the introduction of undesirable photic phenomena (such as halos and glare) affecting the vision of users.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Opt
June 2024
University of Muenster, Biomedical Technology Center, Muenster, Germany.
Significance: Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a label-free microscopy technique that provides time-resolved quantitative phase imaging (QPI) by measuring the optical path delay of light induced by transparent biological samples. DHM has been utilized for various biomedical applications, such as cancer research and sperm cell assessment, as well as for drug or toxicity testing. Its lensless version, digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM), is an emerging technology that offers size-reduced, lightweight, and cost-effective imaging systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
July 2024
Department of Physics and Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.
In-line holographic video microscopy records a wealth of information about the microscopic structure and dynamics of colloidal materials. Powerful analytical techniques are available to retrieve that information when the colloidal particles are well separated. Large assemblies of close-packed particles create holograms that are substantially more challenging to interpret.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
October 2024
Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Continuous attractors are an emergent property of neural population dynamics that have been hypothesized to encode continuous variables such as head direction and eye position. In mammals, direct evidence of neural implementation of a continuous attractor has been hindered by the challenge of targeting perturbations to specific neurons within contributing ensembles. Dynamical systems modelling has revealed that neurons in the hypothalamus exhibit approximate line-attractor dynamics in male mice during aggressive encounters.
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