Not being able to equilibrate affirmations and negations, the schizophrenic patient accedes only exceptionally to the majoring equilibrations of the second and third levels. In the logico-mathematic field, he does not approach the constructive synthetizing generalisations of reasoning. Lacking reflective abstraction, he cannot balance his logico-mathematic reasoning and differentiate what is structurally possible from what is materially possible, thus explaining his inaccessibility to perceive logic necessities, contrasting with the certainties of his delirium. In the logico-experimental domain, he reaches only rarely clause reasoning generalisation, and relapses regularly to the level of inappropriate generalisations of the extended inductive type. It is useless to try to find the "primum movens" of his difficulties, either in his imbalance assimilation/accommodation, or in his impossibility to see his contradictions, or even in his incapacity to equilibrate affirmations and negations. The majoring equilibrations, of which he is unable, are the functional expression of structures which do not follow the linear causality of Laplace's determinism but the circular causality characteristic of teleonomic processes. After a month of neuroleptic treatment, the decompensated schizophrenic's balance between assimilation and accommodation is partially restored.
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Polymers (Basel)
October 2021
Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
Chitosan (Cs)-based composites were developed by incorporating silica (Cs-Si), and both silica and hydroxyapatite (Cs-Si-Hap), comparatively tested to sequester hexavalent (Cr(VI)) ions from water. XRD and FT-IR data affirmed the formation of Cs-Si and Cs-Si-Hap composite. Morphological images exhibits homogeneous Cs-Si surface, decorated with SiO nanoparticles, while the Cs-Si-Hap surface was non-homogeneous with microstructures, having SiO and Hap nanoparticles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophys J
March 1994
Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-5908.
We present computer simulations of excited state dynamics in models of PS I and PS II which are based upon known structural and spectral properties of the antennae. In particular, these models constrain the pigment binding sites to three-dimensional volumes determined from molecular properties of the antenna complexes. The simulations demonstrate that within a 10-30 ps after light absorption, rapid energy transfer among coupled antenna chlorophylls leads to a quasiequilibrium state in which the fraction of the excited state on any antenna chlorophyll, normalized to the total excited state remaining on the model, remains constant with time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Med Psychol (Paris)
December 1990
Clinique de psychiatrie et psychologie médicale, Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Marseille.
Not being able to equilibrate affirmations and negations, the schizophrenic patient accedes only exceptionally to the majoring equilibrations of the second and third levels. In the logico-mathematic field, he does not approach the constructive synthetizing generalisations of reasoning. Lacking reflective abstraction, he cannot balance his logico-mathematic reasoning and differentiate what is structurally possible from what is materially possible, thus explaining his inaccessibility to perceive logic necessities, contrasting with the certainties of his delirium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe biradicular origin of the popliteal vein was affirmed 84 times out of 100 dissections, and confirmed by phlebography. But the anatomical bifurcation fades into insignificance beside the important notion of functional bifurcation, with strong roots, equal to or above 5 mm. It exists in this form in 56% of all cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Med Psychol (Paris)
May 1987
Universitaire d'Aix-Marseille, C.H.U. La Timone.
Paranoid schizophrenics are unable to balance affirmation and negation. Using the terms of Jean Piaget, they therefore only partially achieve the "équilibrations majorantes" of level II and never those of level III. In their thinking, they have access to the "généralisations inductives" (often excessive ones), but rarely to the "généralisations constructives complétives".
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